ASTM A192 / SA192 - Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes rau siab -Kev Pabcuam Siab
ASTM A192 (SA192)yog thawj specification rauyam tsawg kawg nkaus -phab ntsa-thickness seamless carbon steel rajsiv hauvsiab - dej siab- raj boilers, superheaters, thiab kub exchangers.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
| Feature | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Khoom siv | Tsawg-Carbon Steel(Killed Steel) |
| Kev tsim khoom | Seamless (SMLS)- Kub-ua tiav lossis txias- kos |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | Tsawg kawg phab ntsatsim (ze rau nominal qhov ntev tshaj li tus qauv yeeb nkab) |
| Kev siv thawj zaug | Siab - siab boiler rajqhov twg sab hauv siab yog qhov kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb |
Kev xav tau tshuaj
| Element | Kev sib xyaw (%) |
|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.06 - 0.18 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.27 - 0.63 |
| Phosphorus (P), max | 0.035 |
| Sulfur (S), max | 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si) | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.25 (deoxidized / tua hlau) |
| Ntsiab Lus | Tsawg carbon + tua hlauua komzoo heev weldabilitythiabtxias khoovkhoom |
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Tensile zog, min | 325 MPa (47,000 psi) |
| Yield zog, min | 180 MPa (26,000 psi) |
| Elongation (hauv 50mm), min | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 35%(yam tsawg kawg nws txawv nrog phab ntsa thickness) |
| Nco tseg: | Cov cuab yeej siv tau rau ob qho tib si kub- tiav thiab txias- cov hlab |
Manufacturing & Dimensions
Txoj kev tsim khoom:
Kub- tiav lawm- Feem ntau, tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm txias tom qab
Txias- tau kos- Rau qhov ze dua qhov kam rau ua
Hom Loj Ntau Yam:
| Parameter | Ntau yam |
|---|---|
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla | ½ "mus rau 7" (12.7mm txog 177.8mm) |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | Tsawg kawg phab ntsaraws li ASME Section I yuav tsum tau |
| Ntev | Txog li 12m tus qauv, ntev dua |
Phab ntsa Thickness kam rau ua:
+20% / -0%ntawm nominal phab ntsa (yam tsawg phab ntsa guaranteed)
Tighter dua li cov yeeb nkab txheem rau kev ntim siab
Kev kho cua sov
Kub- cov raj ua tiav:Feem ntau yog - dov (tsis muaj kev kho cua sov ntxiv)
Txias-cov tubes kos: Yuav tsum muaj kev ntxhov siab-relieved los yog annealedtom qab lub caij txias kawg
normalizingtso cai thaum tau teev tseg
Kev Ntsuas & Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Cai
| Kuaj | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Hydrostatic Test | Yuav tsum tau- Siab xam ib qho qauv hauv qab no |
| Flattening Test | Yuav tsum tau (kuaj ductility thiab weld zoo) |
| Flaring Test | Yuav tsum tau (kev ntsuam xyuas muaj peev xwm nthuav dav) |
| Hardness Test | xaiv tau |
| Kev kuaj tsis raug | Yeem xaiv (eddy tam sim no lossis ultrasonic) |
| Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag | Yuav tsum tau ua - Qhov chaw tsis xws luag |
Hydrostatic Test Pressure Formula:
ntawv nyeem
P=2St/D Qhov twg: S=60% ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog t=phab ntsa thickness D=sab nraud txoj kab uas hla
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus kuaj siab:70 bar (1000 psi) rau 5 vib nas this yam tsawg kawg nkaus
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
1. Kev siv boiler:
Cov phab ntsa dej(lub qhov cub enclosure)
Boiler bank tubes(convective seem)
Economizer tubes
Downcomers thiab risers
2. Lwm yam kev siv:
Tsawg-kub superheater raj(saturated steam section)
Thaum tshav kub kub exchangersrau cov kev pabcuam uas tsis yog -corrosive
Cov hlab ntsha siab(thaum teev tseg)
Hom Kev Pabcuam:
| Parameter | Hom kab mob |
|---|---|
| Siab | Mus txog180bar ua(2600 psi) |
| Kub | Mus txog400 degree(750℃F) |
| Nruab nrab | Dej, chav dej - dej sib tov, saturated chav |
Vim li cas A192 nyiam rau Boilers
Qhov zoo:
Optimized rau siab:Yam tsawg kawg nkaus - phab ntsa tsim txuag qhov hnyav / nqi
Weldability zoo heev:Tsawg carbon sib npaug (CE <0.42) ua kom yooj yim vuam
Ductility zoo:High elongation tso cai rau txias khoov yam tsis muaj cracking
Pov thawj Reliability:Ntev keeb kwm hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob
Tus nqi -zoo:Kev lag luam feem ntau steel rau siab - kev pabcuam dej siab
Material Suitability:
Zoo tagnrho raudej- cov phab ntsa cua sovqhov twg kub yog nruab nrab
Haum rausub- qhov tseem ceeb siab boilers(hauv qab 221 bar / 3208 psi)
Tsis yog rauhigh -kub superheaterntu (siv A213 alloy steels)
Kev sib piv nrog cov qauv zoo sib xws
| Txuj | Khoom siv | Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm A192 |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM A178 Cov khoom lag luam | Carbon Steel | Hluav taws xob Resistance Welded, tsis seamless |
| ASTM A 210 Cov Lus Qhia | Nruab nrab-Carbon Steel | Siab zog rau superheater raj |
| ASTM A213 T11 / T22 | Hlau alloy | Rau kev pabcuam kub dua |
| ASTM A179 Cov khoom lag luam | Tsawg-Carbon Steel | Rau condensers / tshav kub exchangers, tsis boilers |
| ASTM A106 Gr.B | Carbon Steel | Yeebrau sab nraud boiler piping, tsis boiler raj |
Kev txiav txim siab tsim
1. Siab tsim:
Phab ntsa thickness xam ibASME Tshooj I(Lub zog Boilers)
Safety yam:3.5 rau 4.0 feem ntau
Corrosion nyiaj pub dawb:Ntxiv phab ntsa thickness ntxiv rau kev cia siab nkim
2. Kev txwv kub:
Qhov siab tshaj plaws hlau kub:~ 400℃(750℃F)
Tshaj 400 degree: Qhov tseem ceeb txo lub zog tshwm sim
Saum toj no 455℃: Graphitization txaus ntshai nrog ntev - lub sij hawm raug
3. Fabrication Guidelines:
| Kev ua haujlwm | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Txias Khoov | Yam tsawg kawg nkaus lub vojvoog=2 × OD (ntxo nrog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb) |
| Vuam | Preheat yog thickness> 19 hli; qis- hydrogen electrodes pom zoo |
| Kev nthuav dav | Rau hauv tubesheets - ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom txwv |
| Khoov tom qab Vuam | Tsis pom zoo tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab |
Kev lag luam Standards kev koom ua ke
ASME Code Txais:
Tshooj I(Power Boilers): Txais tau rau txhua qhov chaw boiler siab
Ntu II(Cov ntaub ntawv Specifications): SA192 yog ASME tsim
Tshooj V(NDE): Siv rau cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas
Tshooj IX(Vuam): Weld txheej txheem tsim nyog
International sib npaug:
| Thaj tsam | Standard sib npaug |
|---|---|
| Teb chaws Europe | TS EN 10216-2 P195GH |
| Nyiv | JIS G3461 STB410 |
| Tuam Tshoj | GB 5310 20G |
Common Failure Modes & Tiv Thaiv
1. Waterside Corrosion:
Ua rau:Oxygen pitting, nyob rau hauv - deposit corrosion
Kev Tiv Thaiv:Kev kho dej kom zoo, kev tshem tawm cov pa oxygen
2. Hluav taws kub Corrosion:
Ua rau:Sulfur nres, oxidation
Kev Tiv Thaiv:Tswj kom txo tau qhov cua, txwv qhov kub thiab txias
3. Kev yaig:
Ua rau:Fly tshauv impingement, sootblower chav
Kev Tiv Thaiv:Kev tiv thaiv txheej, thaiv thaiv thaiv
4. Creep (thaum siab dua):
Ua rau:Overheating tshaj qhov ntsuas kub tsim
Kev Tiv Thaiv:Kev khiav dej num kom zoo, saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias
Ordering Information
Qhov tseem ceeb Specifications:
Ntau(tag nrho ntev los yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov raj)
Qhov Loj:OD × Tsawg phab ntsa Thickness × Length
Kev tsim khoom:Kub-ua tiav lossis txias- kos
Kev kho cua sov:Yog lwm yam tshaj tus qauv
Xaus Xaus:Plain, beveled, los yog npaj tshwj xeeb
Kev Xeem Xeem:Cov kev xeem ntxiv dhau tus qauv
Ntawv pov thawj:MTC nrog cov xov tooj cua sov traceability
Sample Order Order:
ntawv nyeem
ASTM A192 Tubes, 50.8 mm OD × 4.0 mm min phab ntsa × 12000 mm ntev, Kub-tiav, tiaj kawg, nrog hydrostatic, flattening, thiab flaring xeem, Tag Nrho MTC nrog traceability kom sov tooj.
Kev Saib Xyuas & Kev Tshuaj Xyuas
Hauv -Kev Saib Xyuas Kev Pabcuam:
Ultrasonic thickness kuajthaum tawm tsam
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muagrau bulging, oxidation, yaig
Kev tsom xam tso nyiajlos ntawm lub cev qauv
Kev ntsuam xyuas hydrostatictom qab kho
Kev hloov pauv:
| Qhov xwm txheej | Yuav tsum ua |
|---|---|
| Phab ntsa thinning> 20% | Saib xyuas ze |
| Phab ntsa thinning> 30% | Teem caij hloov |
| Localized pitting> 50% phab ntsa | Kev kho / hloov tam sim ntawd |
| Bulging los yog distortion | Kev hloov tam sim ntawd |
Kab hauv qab:ASTM A192 yogkev lag luam txheem carbon steel tuberau siab - siab boiler daim ntaub ntawv qhov twg siab sab hauv yog thawj tsim kev txiav txim siab. Nws ua ke ntawm weldability, ductility, thiab siab muaj peev xwm tau ua rau nwscov khoom siv ua haujlwmrau dej- raj boilers thoob ntiaj teb rau ntau tshaj 80 xyoo.
