ASTM A672 Hluav taws xob-Fusion-Welded (EFW) yeeb nkab
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
ASTM A672 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeebyog tus qauv specification rauhluav taws xob -fusion-welded (EFW) steel yeeb nkabfabricated los ntawmsiab hlab ntsha zoo daim hlau, tsim rausiab - kev pabcuam siab ntawm qhov nruab nrab kub[qhia: 2, citation: 4]. Tsis zoo li ERW yeeb nkab (uas siv tsis muaj cov khoom siv hlau), A672 cov kav dej yog welded nrogntxiv muab tub lim hlau, feem ntau siv covSubmerged Arc Welding (SAW)txheej txheem, ua rau muaj zog, txhim khu kev qha longitudinal seam haum rau kev thov daim ntawv thov [citation: 3, citation: 5].
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
| Feature | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev tsim khoom | Hluav taws xob-Fusion Welded (EFW) nrog cov khoom siv hlau ntxiv; Feem ntau Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) lossis Ob Chav Submerged Arc Welded (DSAW) [citation: 2, citation: 5] |
| Khoom siv | Lub siab lub nkoj zoo daim hlau (ASTM A285, A515, A516, A537, thiab lwm yam) [citation: 3, citation: 5, citation: 8] |
| Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb | Siab - kev pabcuam siab ntawmnruab nrab kub(-29 ° C txog 343 ° C / -20 ° F txog 650 ° F) [citation: 3, citation: 5] |
| Txoj kab uas hla | 16 nti (400 mm) thiab loj duanpe; mus txog 60 "los yog ntau dua [citation: 2, citation: 4] |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | Mus txog3 nti (75mm)suav nrog [citation:2, citation:4] |
| Ntev | Feem ntau 6 m thiab 12 m; kev cai ntev muaj |
| Kev kho cua sov | Ib qho kev xav tau hauv chav kawm (kev ntxhov siab, kev ua kom zoo, quenched & tempered) [citation: 3, citation: 4] |
Qib Qib System
ASTM A672 siv aob- feem npeqhov system:Qib(qhia cov khoom siv phaj) thiabChav kawm(qhia txog kev kho cua sov thiab qib tshuaj ntsuam xyuas).
Qib (Plate Material)
| Qib | Sib Plate Specification | Hom hlau |
|---|---|---|
| A45, A50, A55 | ASTM A285 Gr. A, B, C | Carbon steel (tsawg / nruab nrab tensile) |
| B55, B60, B65, B70 | ASTM A515 Gr. 55, 60, 65, 70 | Carbon steel, tua,nruab nrab kub kev pab cuam[siv: 3, citation: 8] |
| C55, C60, C65, C70 | ASTM A516 Gr. 55, 60, 65, 70 | Carbon steel, tua, nplua nplej,txhim kho toughness[siv: 3, citation: 8] |
| D70, D80 | ASTM A537 Cl . 1, 2 | Manganese-silicon, normalized lossis Q&T |
| E55, E60 | ASTM A442 Gr . 55, 60 | Cov pa roj carbon steel |
| H75, H80 | ASTM A302 Gr. A, B, C, D | Manganese{0}}molybdenum |
| J80, J90, J100 | ASTM A533 Cl . 1, 2, 3 | Manganese-molybdenum, Q&T |
| K75, K85 | ASTM A202 Gr. A, B | Chromium -manganese- silicon |
| L65, L70, L75 | ASTM A204 Gr. A, B, C | Molybdenum |
| N75 | ASTM A 299 Cov khoom lag luam | Manganese -silicon |
*Ceeb Toom: Cov zauv qib qhia kwv yees yam tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog nyob rau hauv ksi (xws li, B60=60,000 psi yam tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog).*
Chav Kawm Txuj Ci (Kev kho cua sov & tshuaj xyuas)
Tus naj npawb ntawm chav kawm ua raws cov qauv kev xav tau qhov twgthawj tus lej qhia txog hom kev kho cua sovthiab covTus lej thib ob qhia txog qib kev soj ntsuam[siv: 3, citation: 4]:
| Chav kawm | Kev kho cua sov | Kev kuaj ntshav (RT) | Kev ntsuas siab | Kev sib koom ua ke (E) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10, 12 | Tsis muaj | Tsis yog / Yog | Tsis yog / Yog | 0.85 |
| 20, 22 | Kev ntxhov siab | Tsis yog / Yog | Tsis yog / Yog | 0.90 |
| 30, 32 | Li qub | Tsis yog / Yog | Tsis yog / Yog | 1.00 |
| 40, 42 | Normalized & Tempered | Tsis yog / Yog | Tsis yog / Yog | 1.00 |
| 50, 52 | Quenched & Tempered | Tsis yog / Yog | Tsis yog / Yog | 1.00 |
Feem ntau xaiv:
Chav Kawm 12:Raws li -welded, kuaj tag nrho (RT + hydrotest) - rau kev pabcuam dav dav
Chav Kawm 22:Txo kev ntxhov siab, tshuaj xyuas tag nrho -txheem rau ntau daim ntawv thov
Chav Kawm 32:Normalized, soj ntsuam tag nrho - thaum xav tau kev kho cov nplej
Chav Kawm 42:Normalized & tempered, tag nrho soj ntsuam - rau kev txhim kho siab -kub khoom
Chemical Composition (Nyob rau cov qib Common)
| Qib | Cov pa roj carbon (C) % | Silicon (Si)% | Manganese (Mn) max % | Phosphorus (P) max% | Sulfur (S) max % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A45/A50/A55 | 0.17-0.28 | - | 0.98 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| B55/B60/B65/B70 | 0.20-0.31 | 0.13-0.45 | 1.30 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| C55/C60/C65/C70 | 0.18-0.27 | 0.55-0.98 | 0.79-1.30 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
Qhov chaw:
Mechanical Properties (Base Metal)
| Qib | Yield zog (MPa) min | Tensile zog (MPa) | Elongation% (ntev) | Weld Tensile Strength (MPa) min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A45 | 165 | 310-450 | 30 | 310-450 |
| A50 | 185 | 345-485 | 28 | 345-485 |
| A55 | 205 | 380-515 | 27 | 380-515 |
| B55 | 205 | 380-515 | 27 | 380-515 |
| B60 | 220 | 415-550 | 25 | 415-550 |
| B65 | 240 | 450-585 | 23 | 450-585 |
| B70 | 260 | 485-620 | 21 | 485-620 |
| C55 | 205 | 380-515 | 27 | 380-515 |
| C60 | 220 | 415-550 | 25 | 415-550 |
| C65 | 240 | 450-585 | 23 | 450-585 |
| C70 | 260 | 485-620 | 21 | 485-620 |
Qhov chaw:
Nco tseg:Vuam point tensile zog yuav tsum tau raws li los yog tshaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus hlau qib.
Dimensional Tolerances
| Parameter | Ua siab ntev |
|---|---|
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (D ≤ 406.4mm) | ± 0.75% lossis ± 3mm (qhov twg ntau dua) |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (D> 406.4mm) | ± 0.75% lossis ± 5mm (qhov twg ntau dua) |
| Phab ntsa Thickness (t ≤ 15mm) | +10% / -5% |
| Phab ntsa Thickness (t> 15mm) | +8% / -3% |
| Kev ncaj | ≤ 0.15% ntawm tag nrho qhov ntev (max 3mm ib meter) |
| Ntev | +50mm / -0mm (ntev ntev) |
Kev Ntsuas & Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Cai
| Hom kev xeem | Lub hom phiaj | Kev siv tau |
|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas | Txheeb xyuas qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv phaj (txhua lub tshuab cua sov) | Txhua qib |
| Weld Hlau Analysis | Txheeb xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv weld tiav (txhua 500 ft) | Tag nrho cov kav dej |
| Kev Ntsuas Siab | Txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig thiab lub zog tensile (ib qho rau ib qho) | Txhua qib |
| Transverse Guided Weld Khoov Test | Txheeb xyuas qhov vuam ductility thiab kev ncaj ncees (ob tus qauv rau ib qho) | Tag nrho cov kav dej |
| Kev kuaj hluav taws xob (RT) | Tshawb xyuas weld defects - tag nrho ntev ntawm txhua qhov weld | Yuav tsum tau rau cov chav kawm nrog "1" lossis "2" ua tus lej thib ob [citation: 3, citation: 4] |
| Hydrostatic Test | Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm leak-tightness | Yuav tsum tau rau cov chav kawm nrog "2" lossis "3" ua tus lej thib ob [citation: 3, citation: 4] |
| Tsis yog -Kev Ntsuas Kev Puas Tsuaj (NDT) | Weld seam thiab yeeb nkab lub cev tshuaj xyuas | Ib chav kawm yuav tsum [citation:2, citation:5] |
Kev sib piv: ASTM A672 vs. A671 vs. A691
| Yam | ASTM A672 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | ASTM A671 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb | ASTM A691 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kev Pabcuam Kub | Nruab nrab kub(-29 ° C txog 343 ° C) | Atmospheric thiab qis dua(txog -46 ° C) | Kub kub(txog 593 ° C) |
| Ua kom pom tseeb | Ua kom kub siab zog, siab -siab muaj peev xwm | Tsawg-kub toughness, cuam tshuam cov khoom | Siab -kub muaj zog, creep resistance |
| Hom Qib | B60, B65, B70 (A515-raws li) | CC60, CC65, CC70 (A516-raws li) | 1CR, 1.25CR, 2.25CR, 5CR, 9CR (Cr-Mo alloys)) |
| Hom khoom | Carbon steel (tua) | Carbon steel (tua / nplua nplej) | Chrome-moly alloy steel |
| Cov ntawv thov siv | Fais fab nroj tsuag chav kab, boiler sab nraud piping, geothermal | Tsawg-Cov txheej txheem ntsuas kub, LNG, kev pabcuam txias | Siab -kub cov kab hluav taws xob, lub tshuab ua kom sov |
Cov ntawv thov siv
| Kev lag luam | Daim ntawv thov |
|---|---|
| Lub zog tiam | Boiler sab nraud cov kav dej, cov kav dej, cov dej siv dej, siab -siab cov pa xa tawm |
| Geothermal | Cov kav dej kub thiab cov kav dej kub hauv qab siab |
| Roj & Roj | Cov kab sib kis, cov kav dej ua kom zoo, siab - cov txheej txheem siab |
| Petrochemical | Siab - cov txheej txheem siab piping, tshuaj cog kab |
| Infrastructure | Industrial piping systems xav tau nruab nrab mus rau siab |
| Kev xa dej | Loj - txoj kab uas hla siab - siab dej mains |
Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws
| Qhov zoo | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Loj Loj Muaj peev xwm | Muaj peev xwm tsim cov kav dej loj dua li seamless lossis ERW peev xwm (16 "mus rau 60" +) [citation: 2, citation: 4] |
| Phab ntsa tuab | Haum rau siab - cov ntawv thov siab uas xav tau cov phab ntsa tuab heev (txog 75 hli) [citation: 2, citation: 4] |
| Khoom siv yooj yim | Ntau yam ntawm cov qib phaj muaj rau cov kev pabcuam sib txawv |
| Ua haujlwm kub siab | Tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev pabcuam kub nruab nrab (txog 343 ° C) |
| Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo | Chav kawm system tso cai rau qib kev soj ntsuam zoo sib xws rau kev pabcuam tseem ceeb |
| Kev sib koom ua haujlwm siab | Chav kawm 32/42 ua tiav qhov sib koom ua ke E=1.00, txo cov phab ntsa tuab |
Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb
1. Qib xaiv los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias
B-qib (A515): Txaus siab rau kev pabcuam kub nruab nrab- tshwj xeeb tsim rau kev siv kub siab
C-qib (A516):Cov nplej zoo, txhim kho toughness – zoo dua rau qis -kev siv kub
Ntau dua=lub zog siab dua (60, 65, 70 qhia tias kwv yees lub zog tensile hauv ksi)
2. Chav Kawm Xaiv Logic
Chav kawm lej system ua rau kev xaiv ncaj nraim:
Thawj tus lej= kev kho cua sov: 10 (raws li -welded), 20 (kev ntxhov siab relieved), 30 (normalized), 40 (normalized & tempered), 50 (quenched & tempered)
Tus lej thib ob= kev tshuaj xyuas: 0 (tsis muaj), 1 (RT nkaus xwb), 2 (RT + hydrotest), 3 (hydrotest nkaus xwb)
Feem ntau cov kev xaiv rau nruab nrab kub kev pab cuam:
Chav Kawm 12:Raws li -welded, kuaj tag nrho - rau kev pabcuam dav dav
Chav Kawm 22:Txo kev ntxhov siab, tshuaj xyuas tag nrho -txheem rau ntau daim ntawv thov
Chav Kawm 32:Normalized, soj ntsuam tag nrho - thaum xav tau kev kho cov nplej
Chav Kawm 42:Normalized thiab tempered, tag nrho tshuaj ntsuam - rau txhim kho elevated -cov khoom kub
3. Kev sib koom ua haujlwm zoo
Rau cov txheej txheem piping tsim los ntawm ASME B31.3, qhov sib koom ua haujlwm zoo (E) nyob ntawm chav kawm:
Chav Kawm 10/12: E = 0.85
Chav Kawm 20/22: E = 0.90
Chav Kawm 30/32/40/42/50/52: E = 1.00
Kev Qhia Txog Chav Kawm 32 lossis 42 tso cai rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm 1.0, txo cov phab ntsa tuab thiab cov yeeb nkab hnyav.
4. Kev Ua Raws Cai
ASME Code: Feem ntau siv raws liSIB-672rau Boiler thiab Pressure Vessel Code daim ntawv thov
Nrog rau kev tsim kho cov cai (ASME B31.1 Fais Fab Piping, B31.3 Txheej Txheem Piping) rau kev lees txais thiab tsim yam tseem ceeb
5. Kev ruaj ntseg zoo
Mill Test Certificate:EN 10204 Hom 3.1 lossis 3.2feem ntau xav tau rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
Xyuas kom txhua qhov kev xeem uas yuav tsum tau ua (RT, hydrotest) ib chav kawm tau teev tseg
Thov Mill's Inspection Report los ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov project
Cov ntsiab lus
ASTM A672 EFW yeeb nkabyog tus qauv specification rau loj -inch, hluav taws xob-fusion-welded steel yeeb nkab fabricated los ntawm lub siab lub nkoj zoo daim hlau rausiab - kev pabcuam siab ntawm qhov nruab nrab kub. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm nwsQib(qhia cov khoom siv phaj, piv txwv li, B70 los ntawm A515 Gr.70 rau kev pabcuam kub siab) thiabChav kawm(qhia txog kev kho cua sov thiab qib tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, piv txwv li, Chav Kawm 22 rau kev ntxhov siab-relieved nrog radiography thiab hydrotest).
Muaj nyob rau hauv diameters los ntawm16 nti (400 mm) txog 60 ntinrog phab ntsa thicknesses mus txog75mm ua, A672 cov kav dej yog tsim los siv ob -sided submerged arc vuam (DSAW) nrog cov hlau muab tub lim ntxiv, kom ntseeg tau siab - kev ncaj ncees longitudinal seams. Cov txheej txheem chav kawm tso cai rau cov kws ua haujlwm xaiv qhov tsim nyog ua ke ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab kev tshuaj xyuas raws li kev pabcuam tseem ceeb, nrog cov chav kawm siab dua (32/42) ua tiav qhov kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm 1.0.
Thaum twg los qhia ASTM A672:
Lub kaw lus ua haujlwm ntawm kev kub siab nrog nruab nrab kub (txog 343 ° C)
Cov pa roj carbon steel yog tsim nyog rau qhov chaw corrosion
Cov ntawv thov muaj xws li siab - dej siab, chav dej, thiab cov kav dej hauv cov refineries, fais fab nroj tsuag, thiab cov chaw hauv av
Cov kab loj loj thiab cov phab ntsa tuab yog xav tau qhov twg ERW yeeb nkab tsis ua tau
Thaum ordering, qhia:ASTM A672, Qib [xws li, B70], Chav Kawm [eg, 22], Loj (OD x WT), Ntev, Xaus Xaus, thiab lwm yam kev xav tau ntxiv.
