Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem normalizing, hlau yog uniformly rhuab mus rau ib tug kub uas ua rau tag nrho transformation rau austenite. Cov hlau yog tuav ntawm qhov ntsuas kub no rau lub sijhawm txaus los tsim cov qauv sib txawv thoob plaws hauv nws qhov loj. Tom qab ntawd nws raug tso cai kom txias hauv ib qho kev sib xws hauv huab cua tseem ceeb. Cov cua txias ua rau qhov cua txias sai dua piv rau qhov cub cua txias. Yog li ntawd, lub sijhawm txias rau normalizing yog txo qis heev piv rau annealing.
Lub sij hawm ua kom sov zoo li qub feem ntau yog 1 teev ntawm 25 hli workpiece thickness, tab sis tsis pub tsawg tshaj 2 teev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov txias txias thiab yog li ntawm qhov kawg microstructure. Nyias workpieces txias sai dua thiab yog li nyuaj tom qab normalizing dua thicker workpieces. Qhov no yog qhov sib piv rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm annealing, qhov twg nyias thiab tuab workpieces yog sib npaug zog tom qab qhov cub txias.
Tsawg carbon steels tsis tas yuav tsum normalizing. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov hlau no zoo li qub, tsis muaj kev phom sij. Yog tias cov castings muaj cov phab ntsa tuab tuab thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev, lawv feem ntau yog annealed es tsis yog normalized. Lwm hom kev castings, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj cov duab complex los yog interconnected nyias thiab tuab phab ntsa seem, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau siab residual stresses thiab yuav tau txais txiaj ntsim los ntawm ib tug normalizing kev kho mob. Lub microstructure tau los ntawm normalizing nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov casting thiab qhov cua txias.
Normalizing steels feem ntau yog xam los ntawm thermal thiab microstructural cov ntsiab lus ntawm saib. Los ntawm cov thermal taw tes ntawm view, cov txheej txheem normalizing muaj austenitization thiab tom qab kuj qeeb txias. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm microstructure, thaj tsam ntawm microstructure muaj li ntawm 0.80% carbon yog pearlite, thaum lub cheeb tsam qis carbon yog ferrite.
Normalization feem ntau ua rau ob qho tib si hauv qab no.
Hloov thiab / lossis kho cov qauv nplej thiab tshem tawm cov qauv ntawm cov nplej ntxhib tau txais thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm dhau los (xws li, dov, forging, thiab lwm yam).
Hloov kho thiab txhim kho cov qauv casting dendrite thiab txo kev sib cais los ntawm homogenizing microstructure.
Ua ib homogeneous microstructure thiab tau txais qhov xav tau microstructure thiab txhua yam khoom.
Txhim kho lub machinability ntawm me ntsis steel
Txhim kho qhov kev ruaj ntseg
Txo cov banding
Txhim kho ductility thiab toughness
Muab cov lus teb zoo sib xws thaum hardening lossis case hardening.
Tshem tawm cov txheej txheem macro tsim los ntawm kev molding tsis tu ncua lossis vuam
Fine grain pearlite yog tawv dua li coarse grain pearlite. Normalizing imparts hardness thiab lub zog rau steel workpieces. Tsis tas li ntawd, normalizing pab txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm xws li forging, casting, machining, sib sau lossis vuam. Normalizing kuj txhim kho microstructural uniformity thiab teb rau cov kev kho cua sov xws li annealing los yog hardening, thiab txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm imparting "thermal nco" rau cov txheej txheem kub tom ntej. Workpieces xav tau siab tshaj plaws toughness thiab workpieces raug cuam tshuam feem ntau normalized. Thaum cov hlaws loj loj yog qhov qub, lawv kuj tau tempered ntxiv kom txo tau qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab tswj cov khoom siv kom nruj dua.
Normalizing tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, lim thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau, xws li nce nws cov toughness thiab machinability. Zoo dua ductility kuj tau txais yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hardness thiab lub zog.
