Tsis muaj ib qib steel yog "zoo tshaj" rau txhua daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Xaiv cov hlau rau welded yeeb nkab, raj thiab cov khoom tsim yog ib txwm ua lag luam - tawm ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog, tensile zog, toughness, corrosion kuj, weldability, machinability thiab tag nrho cov nqi. Ib qib uas ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib tug hydraulic kab yuav ua tsis tau thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv lub marine huab cua, thaum ib tug heev alloyed stainless qib yog ib tug tsis tsim nyog tus nqi nyob rau hauv qhuav, tiv thaiv cov qauv. Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia yuav ua li cas engineers thiab pab pawg neeg yuav khoom sib piv cov qib steel thiab xaiv cov khoom siv zoo rau cov khoom siv yeeb nkab thiab raj.
Dab tsi "Zoo tshaj Steel" txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus muaj
Kev xaiv steel pib nrog kev pabcuam ib puag ncig es tsis yog nrog cov khoom siv nws tus kheej. Plaub nqe lus nug txhais cov npe luv:
Mechanical luag hauj lwm- lub zog tawm los thiab lub zog tensile cov khoom yuav tsum nqa, thiab kev khiav hauj lwm kub.
Corrosion raug- huab cua, dej tshiab, dej hiav txwv, cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov av faus.
Fabrication txoj kev- welded los yog seamless, txias kos, khoov, threaded los yog machined, thiab kev kho cua sov uas ua raws li.
Standards thiab traceability- kev tswj xyuas tshwj xeeb ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab daim ntawv pov thawj tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua.
Thaum cov no raug kho, qib zoo feem ntau yog qhov qis tshaj - cov khoom siv uas ua tau raws li plaub qhov kev xav tau yam tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus alloy ntau dhau.
Steel Qib Sib piv los ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov
| Tsim qhov tseem ceeb | Hom tsev neeg qib | Yog vim li cas xaiv | Yam tsawg kawg yield zog |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lub zog thiab toughness | quenched thiab tempered qis- hlau alloy | Siab zog nrog khaws cia ductility | 550-690 MPa |
| Corrosion kuj | Austenitic stainless 304/304L, 316/316L | Passive chromium oxide txheej txheej | 170-310 MPa |
| Machineability | Tsawg-carbon 1018 thiab dawb- txiav 11xx | Tsawg hardness, huv si tsim | Txog 370 MPa |
| Weldability thiab nqi | Q195, Q235B, S235JR cov qauv hlau | Muaj dav, yooj yim vuam | 195-235 MPa |
| Tsawg-kev pabcuam kub | ASTM A333 Qib 6, ASTM A350 LF2 | Impact toughness qis dua -29 degree | 240-260 MPa |
Common Structural and Pipe Steel Grades Piav Qhia
Q195yog Suav low- carbon structural steel nrog tsawg alloy cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 195 MPa. Nws yog dav siv rau cov hlau, lub teeb -cov haujlwm ntawm cov qauv ntu thiab dav dav- lub hom phiaj tube qhov twg formability tseem ceeb tshaj qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom.
Q235Byog cov qauv qauv siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb. Nws qhov kev tawm dag zog tsawg kawg nkaus yog 235 MPa, kwv yees li 34 KSI, thiab nws lub zog tensile yog kwv yees li 370-500 MPa (54-72.5 KSI). Q235B welds yooj yim thiab muab los ua phaj, ntu thiab welded yeeb nkab.
Q355B, lub npe uas hloov Q345B, muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 355 MPa nrog zoo tsis tshua muaj - kub cuam tshuam toughness. Nws suits cov qauv yeeb nkab, crane booms thiab hnyav fabricated thav ntawv qhov twg lub zog siab dua tso cai rau ib tug nyias, sib dua phab ntsa.
L245yog API 5L kab yeeb nkab qib nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 245 MPa, sib npaug zog rau API 5L Qib B. Nws yog siv rau cov roj, roj thiab dej xa cov kav dej.
ASTM A106 Qib Bnpog seamless carbon steel yeeb nkab rau siab - kub kev pab cuam, nrog ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 240 MPa thiab ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog ntawm 415 MPa. Nws welded counterpart yogASTM A53 Qib B, thiabASTM A333 Qib 6yog qhov qis -kub version haum rau kev pabcuam qis rau -45℃.
Cov qib stainless ua raws tib lub ntsiab lus: 304/304L muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thaum 316/316L ntxiv molybdenum rau chloride thiab marine raug.
Siab -Strength thiab Specialty Steels
Qhov twg lub zog tensile siab tshaj li 1000 MPa yog yuav tsum tau, quenched thiab tempered low-alloy steels thiab 18Ni maraging steels xws li Qib 300 yog siv. Nyob rau hauv cov laus laus, cov qib maraging muaj peev xwm tshaj 2000 MPa, txog 290 KSI, nyob rau hauv tensile lub zog, uas yog vim li cas lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv aerospace thiab tiv thaiv hardware es tsis nyob rau hauv tus qauv welded yeeb nkab.
SAE/AISI 1038yog ib qho nruab nrab - carbon steel nrog 0.35-0.43% carbon. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering nws tsim zoo tensile lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam, ua rau nws haum rau shafts, bolts thiab machinery qhov chaw es tsis yog rau welded raj.
Maraging thiab lwm yam ultra-siab- qib zog yog muab rau hauv daim ntawv bar thiab daim ntawv. Lawv tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov yeeb nkab welded, vim tias cov vuam hlau thiab cov cua sov- thaj tsam cuam tshuam yuav tsum muaj kev tsim nyog thiab feem ntau xa tawm -weld heat treatment.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv: Ib Txoj Haujlwm Xaiv Ua Haujlwm
Txhais kev tsim siab, qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion.
Xam cov phab ntsa thickness uas yuav tsum tau rau tus neeg sib tw yield zog, ces xyuas cov cai tswj xws li ASME B31.3, EN 13480 los yog GB/T 20801.
Paub meej weldability, vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab kev ntsuam xyuas cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tsim hlau kub.
Tshawb xyuas kev lag luam muaj nyob rau hauv qhov xav tau sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, phab ntsa thickness thiab tus qauv.
Txiav txim nrog daim ntawv pov thawj soj ntsuam, thiab thib peb -tus neeg tim khawv qhov twg qhov project xav tau.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Qib twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov hlau?
Tsis muaj universal zoo tshaj plaws qib. Cov lus teb raug yog nyob ntawm qhov xav tau tseem ceeb: quenched thiab tempered qis- alloy steel rau lub zog, stainless 316L rau corrosion kuj, qis- carbon 1018 rau machinability, thiab Q235B los yog Q355B rau kev lag luam welded qauv.
Q: Q195 steel yog dab tsi?
Q195 yog Suav qis - carbon structural steel nrog cov ntsiab lus tsawg tsawg thiab cov khoom muaj zog tsawg kawg yog 195 MPa. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau cov hlau, welded yeeb nkab thiab lub teeb -cov khoom siv hauv lub cev uas tsim nyog thiab tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab.
Q: Dab tsi yog KSI ntawm Q235 steel?
Q235 steel muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm 235 MPa, uas hloov mus rau kwv yees li 34 KSI, siv 1 MPa sib npaug li 0.145 KSI. Nws lub zog tensile ntau ntawm 370-500 MPa sib haum rau kwv yees li 54-72.5 KSI.
Q: Qib twg yog cov hlau uas muaj zog tshaj plaws?
Ultra-siab- qib zog xws li 18Ni maraging steel Qib 300 tuaj yeem tshaj 2000 MPa tensile zog tom qab hnub nyoog, uas yog kwv yees li 290 KSI. Cov qib no yog siv nyob rau hauv aerospace thiab tub rog Cheebtsam es tsis yog nyob rau hauv dav welded yeeb nkab.
Q: Dab tsi yog 1038 qib steel?
SAE/AISI 1038 yog ib qho nruab nrab - carbon steel uas muaj 0.35-0.43% carbon. Nws muaj zog tensile zoo thiab hnav tsis kam tom qab quenching thiab tempering thiab feem ntau yog siv rau shafts, bolts thiab machinery qhov chaw.
Q: Puas yog 316L ib txwm zoo dua 304L rau cov yeeb nkab?
Tsis tas li . 316L ntxiv molybdenum thiab tiv thaiv cov chlorides zoo dua, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev pabcuam hauv hiav txwv thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thaum 304L txaus thiab pheej yig dua rau kev siv sab hauv tsev thiab tsis yog -chloride.
