ASTM A335 P12 yog dab tsi?
ASTM A335 npog seamless ferritic alloy - cov yeeb nkab steel npaj rau siab - qhov kub thiab txias. P12 yog chromium-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) qib nrog kwv yees li 1% chromium, engineered rau elevated - kub lub zog thiab oxidation kuj uas carbon steel tsis tuaj yeem muab. Nws yog ib tug paub tab, pov thawj cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim tiam thiab cov txheej txheem industries, thiab nws cov khoom yog txhais los ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg txwv thiab txhua yam yuav tsum tau es tsis yog los ntawm ib qho chaw tsim tshuaj paus.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no qhia txog cov kev xav tau ntawm ASTM A335 rau qib P12:
| Element | Kev xav tau (%) |
|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon | 0.05-0.15 |
| Manganese | 0.30-0.61 |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.025 |
| Sulfur, max | 0.025 |
| Silicon | 0.50-1.00 |
| Chromium | 0.80-1.25 |
| Molybdenum | 0.44-0.65 |
Qhov sib npaug ntawm chromium- molybdenum ntxiv yog qhov ua rau P12 nws qhov kev tawm tsam thiab nws lub peev xwm khaws cov khoom siv dag zog zoo tshaj lub hnab ntawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon steel.
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Tsawg kawg tensile zog | 415 MPa (60,000 psi) |
| Yam tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog | 220 MPa (32,000 psi) |
| Tsawg kawg elongation (2 nti) | 30% |
| Hom kev pabcuam qab nthab | Txog 565℃(kwv yees 1050℃F) |
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
Lub zog tsim hluav taws xob boilers
Superheater loops, qhov twg saturated chav yog rhuab mus rau hauv superheated chav.
Reheater loops, qhov twg turbine tso pa rov qab mus rau lub boiler rau reheating.
Siab -qhov kub ntawm cov kav dej ntawm lub boiler thiab lub turbine.
Petrochemical thiab txheej txheem kev lag luam
Txheej txheem cua sov raj hauv refineries thiab tshuaj nroj tsuag.
Hydrocarbon ua piping, piv txwv li hauv catalytic cracking units.
General high -kub siab piping qhov twg carbon steel tsis txaus.
Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Creep resistance: molybdenum slows lub deformation mus tas li uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab tas li ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ib qho khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev pab cuam boiler ntev.
Lub zog ruaj khov: yield thiab tensile qhov tseem ceeb nyob deb tshaj carbon steel qib ntawm qhov kub siab.
Oxidation kuj: qhov kwv yees li 1% chromium txo qhov ntsuas hauv chav cua piv nrog cov hlau.
Microstructural stability: lub alloy resists graphitization thiab detrimental theem hloov nyob rau lub sij hawm.
Fabricability: P12 welds zoo nrog cov hlau sib xyaw ua ke xws li AWS ER80S-B2 lossis E8018-B2 thiab tuaj yeem khoov thiab tsim rau kev cai layouts.
P12 hauv Cr-Mo Product Family
| Qib | Chromium (%) | Molybdenum (%) | Txoj hauj lwm |
|---|---|---|---|
| P1 / P2 | - | 0.44-0.65 | Base molybdenum hlau |
| P12 | 0.80-1.25 | 0.44-0.65 | Nruab nrab Cr-Mo, kab lus no |
| P11 | 1.00-1.50 | 0.44-0.65 | Siab dua chromium hauv 1Cr-Mo band |
| P22 | 1.90-2.60 | 0.87-1.13 | 2.25Cr-1Mo workhorse rau hnyav-phab ntsa headers |
| P91 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.85-1.05 | Advanced creep steel rau supercritical nroj tsuag |
P12 sau qhov nruab nrab -kub niche hauv qab P22 thiab P91. Rau cov tshiab supercritical lossis ultra-supercritical units, P91- thiab P92-chav steels feem ntau tau teev tseg vim tias lawv tso cai rau cov phab ntsa nyias nyias ntawm tib qhov kev ntsuas siab. P12 tseem yog qhov kev xaiv them nqi rau lub luag haujlwm nruab nrab-kub qhov twg qhov peev xwm siab dua ntawm cov qib no tsis raug cai.
FAQ
1. Tus P hauv P12 txhais li cas?
P sawv cev rau lub cev. ASTM A335 xaiv txhua lub alloy raws li tsab ntawv P ua raws li tus lej, yog li P12 yog qib yeeb nkab uas tau them los ntawm kab lus no, txawv ntawm A335 P11, P22, thiab P91 qib.
2. Qhov kev pab cuam kub li cas P12 kov?
P12 feem ntau siv txog li 565℃(kwv yees 1050℃F), nrog rau cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb tsim los ntawm cov kav dej siv tau xws li ASME B31.1 lossis B31.3.
3. Puas yog A335 P12 yeeb nkab seamless lossis welded?
ASTM A335 npog seamless yeeb nkab nkaus xwb. Welded Cr-Mo yeeb nkab yog tswj hwm los ntawm lwm yam kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab ib txwm yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ntxiv thiab tom qab-weld heat treatment.
4. P12 puas tuaj yeem hloov cov pa roj carbon steel yeeb nkab?
Tsuas yog qhov chaw tsim kub tshaj qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm carbon steel. Hauv qab qhov pib, carbon steel tseem yog qhov kev xaiv nyiaj txiag.
5. Yam khoom siv hlau twg yog siv rau vuam P12?
Matched Cr-Mo consumables xws li AWS ER80S-B2 los yog E8018-B2 yog ib yam, nrog preheat thiab post-weld cua sov kev kho mob los ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog.
6. Puas yog P12 tseem teev rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tshiab?
Tsis tshua muaj qhov tshiab supercritical units, uas siv P91/P92-chav steels. P12 xav tau niaj hnub no yog tsom rau kev saib xyuas, kho, thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm thiab hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam nruab nrab.
