A335 P11 yog dab tsi
ASTM A335, nrog rau nws cov ASME ntxaib SA-335, yog tus qauv rau seamless ferritic alloy steel yeeb nkab rau siab - kub kev pab cuam. Qib P11 yog 1.25Cr-0.5Mo muaj pes tsawg leeg, chromium-molybdenum hlau uas ua kom muaj zog muaj zog thiab tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm qhov kub thiab txias qhov twg cov hlau tsis ua haujlwm. Cov hlau yog muab seamless, thiab nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv Cr-Mo qib nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim thiab txheej txheem industries. Hauv European system, P11 sib raug rau 13CrMo4-5, cov khoom siv 1.7335, raws li EN 10216-2.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm P11 rau A335 yog:
| Element | Qhov ntau los yog siab tshaj,% |
|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon | 0.05 – 0.15 |
| Manganese | 0.30 – 0.60 |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.025 |
| Sulphur, max | 0.025 |
| Silicon | 0.50 – 1.00 |
| Chromium | 1.00 – 1.50 |
| Molybdenum | 0.44 – 0.65 |
Chromium muab oxidation thiab scaling kuj, thiab molybdenum nce lub zog creep ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov hlau yog muab rau hauv qhov normalized-thiab-tempered mob, uas tsim cov ferritic-bainitic microstructure uas muab cov qib nws siab - kub ua haujlwm.
Mechanical Properties
Chav tsev - qhov kub thiab txias ntawm P11 yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 205 MPa (30 ksi), lub zog tensile yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 415 MPa (60 ksi), thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus elongation ntawm 30% hauv 2 ntiv tes. Tus nqi engineering ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm qhov kub siab: nws yog tsim los rau kev pab cuam mus txog li 565 C nyob rau hauv chav thiab kub -gas lub luag hauj lwm, qhov twg nws creep zog thiab oxidation kuj ua rau cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa nyob rau hauv tsim txwv. Tsim kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog muab los ntawm kev tso cai - cov lus kev ntxhov siab ntawm ASME B31.1 lossis cov lej cuam tshuam.
Daim ntawv thov
P11 yog siv rau superheater thiab reheater raj, headers, lub ntsiab chav tsev, thiab boiler piping nyob rau hauv fossil fais fab nroj tsuag; cov kav dej kub, cov kab hloov pauv, thiab cov kav dej reactor hauv refineries thiab petrochemical nroj tsuag; thiab dav dav -kub txheej txheem piping. Nws yog ib qho pov thawj qib workhorse nrog lub hauv paus loj, uas lav qhov kev thov ruaj khov rau kev saib xyuas thiab lub neej- txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm. Hauv cov nroj tsuag ultra-supercritical tshiab, siab dua- cov qib alloy xws li P22, P91, thiab P92 yog siv rau qhov kub tshaj plaws, tab sis P11 tseem yog qhov kev xaiv pheej yig rau nruab nrab -tej dej kub.
Vuam thiab Fabrication
P11 yog weldable nrog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, tab sis cov ntsiab lus alloy xav tau kev qhuab qhia. Preheat yam tsawg kawg 150 mus rau 200 C yog ib txwm yuav tsum tau, lub interpass kub yog tswj, thiab post-weld kho cua sov nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm 650 mus rau 730 C yog yuav tsum tau rau siab welds los kho cov cua sov- cuam tshuam - cheeb tsam thaj chaw thiab txo kev ntxhov siab. Filler hlau yuav tsum phim P11 muaj pes tsawg leeg (kwv yees li 1.25Cr-0.5Mo). Vim hais tias ntawm cov ntsiab lus chromium, thaj tsam weld yog tiv thaiv los ntawm atmospheric paug thaum lub sij hawm vuam, thiab cov tiav weld raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm NDT yuav tsum tau los ntawm txoj cai.
Txoj Haujlwm Ntawm Cr-Mo Qib
Lub Cr-Mo tsev neeg nce qib hauv cov ntsiab lus alloy: P5 (5Cr-}0.5Mo) thiab P9 (9Cr-1Mo) rau siab dua- qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam, P11 (1.25Cr-}0.5Mo) thiab P12 rau nruab nrab lub luag haujlwm, P22 thiab qhov kub thiab txias 9Cr qib P91 thiab P92 rau kev pabcuam ultra-supercritical. P11 muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws-rau-tus nqi piv rau nws qhov kub thiab txias: muaj peev xwm ntau dua li cov hlau, pheej yig dua P22 thiab P91. Qib raug rau ib qhov project yog tsim los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub, siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: A335 P11 yeeb nkab yog dab tsi?
Seamless ferritic alloy steel yeeb nkab ntawm 1.25Cr-0.5Mo tsev neeg rau siab- qhov kub thiab txias kev pab cuam, ib ASTM A335.
Q: Qhov txawv ntawm P11 thiab P22 yog dab tsi?
P11 muaj 1.25% chromium thiab 0.5% molybdenum; P22 muaj 2.25% chromium thiab 1% molybdenum, muab lub zog nkag siab dua rau qhov kub, siab dua - lub luag haujlwm siab.
Q: Qhov ntsuas kub npaum li cas yog P11 haum rau?
Rau chav thiab kub - pa roj, P11 feem ntau siv txog li 565 C. Saum toj no, P22 lossis qib 9Cr yuav tsum tau ua.
Q: Puas yog P11 weldable?
Yog lawm, nrog preheat ntawm 150 txog 200 C, tswj qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv, sib piv cov hlau nplaum, thiab yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm -weld kub kho ntawm 650 txog 730 C rau siab welds.
Q: Cov European sib npaug ntawm P11 yog dab tsi?
13CrMo4-5, khoom siv naj npawb 1.7335, rau EN 10216-2. Ob qhov kev xaiv no feem ntau sib pauv hauv cov haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb.
Q: Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm P11?
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog ntawm 205 MPa, yam tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog ntawm 415 MPa, thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus elongation ntawm 30%, nrog elevated - kub tsim stresses ib txoj cai.
