High-Cov ntsiab lus ntawm theem
Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, cov yeeb nkab no yog:
Ua los ntawm carbon steel:Cov khoom siv hauv paus yog hlau, qhov chaw tseem ceeb alloying yog carbon, tsuas yog cov seem seem ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus.
Tsim rau Pipelines:Nws txoj kev siv tseem ceeb yog hauv kev tsim cov kav dej rau cov roj, roj, thiab lwm yam kua dej.
Muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm 320 MPa:Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab ua ntej nws pib deform mus tas li.
Ua raws li High-Quality Standard (PSL2):Nws ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj dua rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, toughness, thiab kev sim dua li qhov yooj yim PSL1 yeeb nkab.
Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog txhua ntu ntawm Kev Xaiv
1. "L320" - Qib
"L": Sawv rau"Line Pipe". Qhov no tam sim ntawd distinguishes nws los ntawm lwm yam steel yeeb nkab (xws li, structural, casing, tubing).
"320": Sawv cev rauYam tsawg kawg nkaus Qhia tawm lub zog (SMYS)hauvMegapascals (MPa).
Yield zogyog tus nqi ntawm kev ntxhov siab ib yam khoom muaj peev xwm tiv taus yam tsis muaj deformation mus tas li. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau cov kav xa dej, uas yuav tsum tswj cov kev kub siab sab hauv, av loads, thiab khoov kev ntxhov siab.
320 MPayog sib npaug rau kwv yees li46,400 phaus ib square inch (psi). Qhov no yog qhov nruab nrab - mus rau - qib siab zog, ua rau nws haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau siab.
2. "PSL2" - Cov Khoom Specification Level
Qhov no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm API 5L specification uas txhais cov txheej txheem xa khoom. PSL2 yog qhov xav tau ntau dua qib zoo dua li PSL1.
Qhov txawv ntawm PSL1 thiab PSL2 rau L320 Yeeb Nkab:
| Feature | PSL1 | PSL2 (Qhov yuav tsum tau nruj dua) |
|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg | Standard xav tau rau carbon, manganese, thiab lwm yam. | Kev tswj nruj duantawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Kev txwv ntau tshaj rauCarbon sib npaug (CE)los xyuas kom zooweldability. Tej zaum yuav muaj kev txwv ntawm sulfur thiab phosphorous kom zoo dua toughness. |
| Toughness | Tsis xav tau. | Yuav tsum tau.Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau txais Charpy V-Kev ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam los ua pov thawj tias nws tuaj yeem nqus tau lub zog thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias. |
| Kev Ntsuas Tensile | Tsawg zaus. | Ntau zaus thiab nruj. |
| Hydrostatic Test | Yuav tsum tau, tab sis qhov kev sim siab yuav qis dua. | Yuav tsum tau nyob rau theem siab dua. |
| Tsis yog -Kev Ntsuas Kev Puas Tsuaj (NDT) | Yuav tsum tau rau seam weld ntawm welded yeeb nkab. | Yuav tsum tau seam weldthiablub cev yeeb nkab (rau qee yam kev tsim khoom). |
| Dimensional Tolerances | Txuj. | Feem ntau nruj. |
Hauv luv luv, PSL2 yeeb nkab yog "kev pabcuam qaub" lossis tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb dua qhov kev nyab xeeb, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev tiv thaiv kom tawg yog qhov tseem ceeb.
3. "Carbon Steel" - Cov Khoom
Qhov no lees paub qhov tseem ceeb metallurgy. Rau API 5L kab yeeb nkab, "Carbon Steel" tuaj yeem suav nrog:
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:Hlau (Fe) thiab Carbon (C).
Alloying Elements:Manganese (Mn) yog lub hauv paus txhawb zog.
Residual Elements:Cov khoom me me, tswj cov khoom xws li Silicon (Si), tooj liab (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), thiab Molybdenum (Mo) tuaj yeem muaj.
Cov impurities:Kev txwv nruj yog muab tso rau ntawm Phosphorus (P) thiab Sulfur (S), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau PSL2, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau nkig.
4. Txoj Cai Tswjfwm: API 5L
Thaum tsis sau npe, qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no tau txhais los ntawm tusLub koom haum American Petroleum Specification 5L (API 5L). Qhov no yog lub ntiaj teb no benchmark rau kab yeeb nkab, kom ntseeg tau zoo, kev ruaj ntseg, thiab interchangeability.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
L320 PSL2 yeeb nkab tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv ob txoj hauv kev:
Seamless (SMLS):Ua los ntawm piercing ib tug khoom billet ntawm steel. Nws tsis muaj longitudinal seam weld, ua rau nws muaj zog thiab feem ntau siv rau kev siv siab -siab.
Welded (ERW, SAW, thiab lwm yam):
Electric Resistance Welded (ERW):Tsim los ntawm cov hlau kauj thiab cov seam yog welded siv hluav taws xob tam sim no. Niaj hnub ERW yog qhov zoo heev.
Submerged Arc Welded (SAW):Ua los ntawm steel phaj thiab seam yog welded siv ib tug arc nyob rau hauv ib daim pam ntawm flux. Feem ntau siv rau cov kab loj loj.
Cov ntawv thov siv
L320 PSL2 yog qib ua haujlwm ntau yam siv hauv:
Onshore thiab Offshore Roj Pipelines
Natural Gas Transmission Kab
Dej Txhaj Kabnyob rau hauv cov roj teb
Slurry thiab txheej txheem Piping
Sib sau kabuas sau cov khoom ntawm qhov dej
Qib sib npaug
API 5L Qib Byog qhov sib npaug sib npaug, tab sis nco ntsoov tias Qib B muaj lub zog qis dua (245 MPa / 35,700 psi).L320 muaj zog dua qib B.
Hauv cov qauv qub lossis lwm yam qauv, koj yuav pomX46, uas yog qhov sib npaug imperial (46,000 psi tawm los).
Cov ntsiab lus
L320 PSL2 Carbon Steel Kab Yeebqhia txog lub siab -zoo, nruab nrab- lub zog steel yeeb nkab tsim los rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb. Nws tau lees tias txhua yam muaj zog (320 MPa yield), txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj toughness (vim PSL2) ua rau nws muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
