TS EN 10216-2: Tus qauv Premier rau Seamless High-Tub Boiler Tubes
TS EN 10216-2yog qhov tseeb European tus qauv rauseamless steel raj rau lub hom phiaj siab ntawm qhov kub siab. Qhov no yog qhovthawj tus qauvrau cov ntawv thov boiler tiag tiag uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li superheaters, reheaters, thiab siab - siab headers.
Core txhais & Scope
Full Title:"Seamless steel tubes rau lub hom phiaj siab - Kev xa tawm cov xwm txheej - Ntu 2: Tsis yog- alloy thiab alloy steel hlab nrog cov khoom ntsuas kub siab"
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb:Tsis zoo li EN 10216-1, uas tsom rau ambient / siab kub kev pab cuam,TS EN 10216-2 Kev lees paub tshwj xeeb thiab lav cov khoom siv ntawm qhov kub siab, suav nrog kev nkag siab tsis haum- qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev siv lub raj xa dej kom ntev.
Cov Khoom Siv Qib rau Boiler Daim Ntawv Thov (Cov Lus Qhia)
TS EN 10216-2 muaj ob qho tib si tsis yog-alloy thiab alloy steels, nrog rau qhov kawg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev pabcuam boiler. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov qib tseem ceeb:
| EN 10216-2 Qib | Zoo li ASTM Qib | Kev sib xyaw ua ke | Max Tsim Temp (degree) | Thawj Boiler Application |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P195GH | --- | C-Mn hlau | 300 | Tsawg-kub economizers, feedwater kab |
| P235GH | A106 gr. B | C-Mn hlau | 350 | Phab ntsa dej, qis- siab circuits |
| P265GH | A106 gr. C | C-Mn hlau | 350 | Feem ntau siv rau qhov chaw siab, headers |
| 16 hmo 3 | A335 P1 / A209 T1 | 0.3% yog ' | 525 | Standard superheater tubes, low- alloy headers |
| 13CrMo4-5 | A335 P12 | 1% Cr-0.5% Mo | 550 | Siab -kub headers, manifolds |
| 10CrMo5-5 | A335 P5 | 2.25% Cr-1% Mo | 575 | High -kub superheaters |
| X11CrMo5+NT | A335 P5 | 5% Cr-0.5% Mo | 600 | Kev pabcuam hnyav superheaters |
| X11CrMo9-1+NT | A335 P9 | 9% Cr-1% Mo | 650 | Advanced superheaters |
| X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P91) | A335 P91 | 9% Cr-1% Mo-V-Nb | 650 | Niaj hnub nimno siab - ua haujlwm boilers, main steam kab |
| 7CrWVMoNb9-6 (P92) | --- | 9% Cr-2% W-Mo-V-Nb | 650+ | Ultra-supercritical boilers |
Nco tseg:Cov lus "GH" qhia txog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov kub siab ("G" rau lub hom phiaj siab, "H" rau qhov kub siab).
Kev tsim khoom & Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau ua
Txheej txheem ntau lawm:
ntawv nyeem
Hluav taws xob Arc / LD Steel → Nruam Casting → Piercing → Kub Rolling → Cold Drawing (yeem) → ** Yuav tsum tau kho cua sov ** → Test
Kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb:
| Cim | Kev kho mob | Lub hom phiaj rau Boiler Tubes |
|---|---|---|
| +N | Li qub | Kev kho mob yooj yim rau cov uas tsis yog{0}} alloy steels |
| +NT | Normalized & Tempered | Standard rau alloy steels- optimizes creep resistance |
| + QT | Quenched & Tempered | Rau siab tshaj plaws alloys (P91 / P92) |
| +A | Annealed | Tsis tshua muaj rau boiler raj - txo hardness |
Ntsiab Lus:Rau cov hlau alloy xws li 16Mo3, 13CrMo4-5, thiab P91,+ NT lossis + QT yog qhov yuav tsum tau ualos tsim cov microstructure uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntev -lub sij hawm creep resistance.
Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas Kev Nyab Xeeb rau Boiler Kev Nyab Xeeb
TS EN 10216-2 Cov kev ntsuas nruj tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus qauv raj siab:
| Qeb xeem | Kev Xeem Tshwj Xeeb | Ntau zaus | Standard Reference | Boiler -Qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kev siab ncaj ncees | Hydrostatic xeem | 100% tubes | EN 10216-2 Annex A | Txheeb xyuas qhov xau- nruj ntawm chav tsev kub |
| Tsis yog -Kev puas tsuaj | Ultrasonic xeem (UT) | 100% tubes | TS EN 10246-3 | Nthuav cov longitudinal/transverse defects |
| Neeg kho tshuab | Tensile xeem ntawm chav tsev kub | Rau batch | TS EN ISO 6892-1: 1 | Txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig / tensile lub zog |
| Elevated Temp Properties | Creep rupture cov ntaub ntawv muab | Raws li cov khoom specification | EN 10216-2 Tables | Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - kwv yees lub neej ntawm lub raj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias |
| Tshuab | Flattening test los yog nplhaib tensile xeem | Rau batch | EN 10216-2 Sec 7.4 | Txheeb xyuas qhov ductility ntawm lub raj kawg rau vuam |
| Hardness | Brinell lossis Rockwell xeem | Rau batch | TS EN ISO 6506-1 | Ua kom muaj kev kho cua sov kom raug |
| Kev cuam tshuam | Charpy V-kev ntsuas ntsuas (yeem) | Yog hais tias | TS EN ISO 148-1 | Rau cov ntawv thov kub - qis |
Creep Resistance: Lub Defining Feature
TS EN 10216-2 Tus nqi tseem ceeb rau kev siv boiler yog covguaranteed creep khoom:
Cov ntaub ntawv Creep muab:
0.2% Pov thawj lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab(Rp 0.2t)
Kev ntxhov siab rupture qhov tseem ceebrau 100,000 teev thiab 200,000 teev
Tso cai rau kev ntxhov siabntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsim
Piv txwv rau 16Mo3 ntawm 500 degree:
0.2% Pov thawj zog: ~ 180 MPa
100,000 teev rupture zog: ~ 110 MPa
Tso cai tsim kev ntxhov siab: ~ 85 MPa
Kev sib piv nrog Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem
| Yam | TS EN 10216-2 | TS EN 10216-1 | TS EN 10217-5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kub tsom | Cov khoom ntsuas kub siab | Ambient / siab, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv nkag | Siab kub, tab sis welded |
| Cov ntaub ntawv nkag | Yuav tsum tau muab | Tsis muab | Muab rau qee qib |
| Kev tsim khoom | Seamless nkaus xwb | Seamless nkaus xwb | Welded |
| Nqi | Siab tshaj | Siab | qis |
| Boiler Application | Superheaters, reheaters, siab -temp headers | Phab ntsa dej, qis -temp headers | General boiler circuits |
| Tsim Kev Ntseeg | Siab tshaj - daim ntawv pov thawj temp khoom | Nruab nrab - extrapolated zog | Nruab nrab - weld factor xam |
Ua kom tiav Specification Piv txwv rau Boiler Tubes
Ib qho kev txiav txim tiav rau superheater raj:
EN 10216-2 - 16Mo3 - 38.0 x 4.5 - +NT - SMLS - UT to EN 10246-3
Nrog cov kev xav tau ntxiv:
Hydro Test:300 bar yam tsawg kawg nkaus
Kev kho cua sov:Normalized ntawm 920-950 degree, tempered ntawm 680-720 degree
Xaus:Square txiav, deburred
Marking:Thaum tshav kub kub tooj, qib, loj rau EN 10216-2
Ntawv pov thawj:EN 10204 3.1 daim ntawv pov thawj nrog cov ntaub ntawv nkag
Kev sim ntxiv:Daim ntawv qhia zaub mov raws li EN ISO 643
Cov ntawv thov nyob rau niaj hnub Boiler Systems
| Boiler Zone | TS EN 10216-2 Qib | Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm | Vim Li Cas Qib no? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Superheater Thawj | 16 hmo 3 | 400-500 degree, 100-150 bar | Zoo creep kuj, nqi -zoo |
| Superheater kawg | 13CrMo4-5 los yog 10CrMo5-5 | 500-560 degree, 100-180 bar | Muaj peev xwm kub dua |
| Reheater | 13CrMo4-5 | 500-550 degree, 30-50 bar | Oxidation kuj, creep zog |
| Siab -Hloov Headers | P265GH los yog 16Mo3 | 350-450 degree, 150-200 bar | Thick -section muaj peev xwm |
| Main Steam Lines | X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P91) | 580-620 degree, 250-300 bar | Exceptional creep zog rau supercritical boilers |
| Phab ntsa dej | P265GH (yog hais tias seamless) | 300-400 degree, 100-200 bar | Kev kub siab tsis kam |
Kev txiav txim siab tsim qauv tseem ceeb rau kev siv boiler
1. Kub-Txoj kev txwv:
Txhua qib muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias:
ntawv nyeem
Qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai ua haujlwm siab (MAWP)=(2 * S * t * E) / (D - 0.8*t)
Qhov twg:
S=Tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab los ntawm EN 10216-2 cov ntxhuav ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsim
t=Tsawg phab ntsa thickness
E=Qhov zoo tshaj plaws (1.0 rau seamless)
D=Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla
2. Oxidation Resistance:
<480°C:Cov pa roj carbon steel (P265GH) tau txais
480-540 degree:Molybdenum hlau (16Mo3) yuav tsum tau
540-600 degree:Chrome-molybdenum steels (13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo5-5)
>600 degree:High-chrome steels (P91, P92) yuav tsum tau ua
3. Thermal Fatigue Consideration:
Rau cov khoom lag luam uas nquag pib / kaw, cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau yuav ua tau zoo dua cov hlau vim yog thermal conductivity zoo dua thiab qis thermal stresses.
Cov ntaub ntawv zoo yuav tsum muaj
TS EN 10216-2 tubes rau kev siv boiler feem ntau xav tau:
EN 10204 Hom 3.1 lossis 3.2 Kev Tshawb Fawb Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj
Ua tiav tshuaj ntsuam xyuas(dawb thiab khoom)
Mechanical test reportsntawm chav tsev kub
Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub siab(Ceep / rupture qhov tseem ceeb)
Cov kab kos kev kho cua sovnrog lub sijhawm / kub
NDT reports(UT, eddy tam sim no)
Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas hydrostatic
Khoom siv traceabilitymus cam khwb cia / cua sov tooj
Thaum Yuav Qhia Txog EN 10216-2 vs
| Txoj Cai Xaiv | Xaiv EN 10216-2 Thaum: | Xav txog lwm txoj kev thaum: |
|---|---|---|
| Kub | >350℃kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov | <300°C (EN 10216-1 or EN 10217-5) |
| Siab | >100 bar tsim siab | <50 bar (cost optimization possible) |
| Component Criticality | Superheater, reheater, lub ntsiab chav kab | Economizer, qis -siab circuits |
| Tsim Lub Neej | >100,000 teev yuav tsum tau | Lub neej ua haujlwm luv dua xav tau |
| Kev Ua Haujlwm | Base load, ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua | Kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws/cyclic |
Kev Txhim Kho Tsis ntev los no & Qib Siab
Kev tsim hluav taws xob niaj hnub xav tau tau tsav kev txhim kho qib siab hauv EN 10216-2:
P91/P92 (X10CrMoVNb9-1/7CrWVMoNb9-6):Rau ultra-supercritical boilers (600℃+, 300 bar)
Thermally Enhanced Tubes:Internal rifling rau kev txhim kho cua sov
Composite Tubes:Clad cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion hauv pov tseg- mus rau - cov nroj tsuag hluav taws xob
Xaus
TS EN 10216-2 Carbon Steel Boiler Yeeb Nkabsawv cev rauqib siab tshaj ntawm seamless rajtshwj xeeb engineered rau siab - kub, siab - siab boiler kev pab cuam. Nws lub ntsiab feature yog lubcertified elevated kub khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub ntawv tsis kam tiv thaiv, uas tso cai rau cov kws ua haujlwm kom raug kwv yees lub neej ntawm lub raj thiab tsim kev nyab xeeb, txhim khu kev qha boiler systems.
Rau qhov tseem ceeb boiler Cheebtsam ua haujlwm siab tshaj 350℃-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog superheaters, reheaters, thiab siab -siab headers-EN 10216-2 tsis yog tsuas yog nyiam xwb tab sis feem ntau yuav tsum tau ualos ntawm engineering specifications thiab kev tswj cov cuab yeej siv siab.
Key Takeaway:Thaum tsim los yog qhia cov raj rau qhov siab kub boiler kev pab cuam, EN 10216-2 muab cov khoom vaj khoom tsev kom paub tseeb tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm ntev -. Tus nqi ntxiv tshaj EN 10216-1 lossis welded lwm txoj hauv kev yog tsim nyog los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kub-kub thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm seamless tsim rau cov kev thov no.
