** 1. Dab tsi yog 6 hom Astm? **
ASTM International Categorizes nws cov qauv rau hauv rau hom thawj:
- ** ** "Cov Qauv Qhia Tshwj Xeeb **: Txhais cov cai rau cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom lag luam, lossis cov kev pabcuam.
- ** Kawm txujci txheem **: piav qhia cov txheej txheem los ntsuas cov khoom lossis kev ua tau zoo.
- ** ** Kev xyaum qauv **: Qhia cov txheej txheem pom zoo lossis kev ua haujlwm.
- ** Qhia cov qauv **: muab cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
- ** Kev faib tawm qauv **: Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob cov khoom siv, cov khoom lag luam, lossis cov tshuab.
- ** ** Cov Qauv Kev Tshuaj Xyuas **: Txhais cov ntsiab lus, cov cim, lossis cov ntawv luv siv hla cov qauv.
** 2. Dab tsi ua Astm qib txhais tau tias? **
ASTM "qib" feem ntau xa cov lus qhia txog kev ua tau zoo nyob hauv cov qauv tshwj xeeb, xws li lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag (ASTM F2100). Piv txwv li:
- ** QIB 1 **: Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Tsis Tau (piv txwv li rau kev siv dav dav nrog kev ua kua dej tsawg).
- ** Qib 2 **: Kev tiv thaiv me me: piv txwv li, rau cov txheej txheem nrog lub teeb \/ mob ua kua rau ua kua).
- ** Theem 3 **: Kev tiv thaiv siab muaj siab (piv txwv li rau kev phais cov teeb tsa nrog cov dej hnyav raug).
** 3. Dab tsi ua Astm tus lej txhais tau tias? **
ASTM cov qauv yog sau nrog cov lej alphanumeric (piv txwv li, ** ttm A36 ** lossis ** ASTM F2100 **). Tsab ntawv txhais tau cov qeb dav dav:
- ** A **: Ferrous hlau (piv txwv li, hlau).
- ** b **: tsis muaj hlau (piv txwv li, tooj liab).
- ** C **: CERAMIC, pob zeb ua tau, Masonry.
- ** D **: Cov yas, textiles, roj av.
- ** E **: Muab cov ntsiab lus tsis raug (piv txwv li, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws, kev sim).
- ** F **: Cov ntaub ntawv rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv kho mob).
Tus lej yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau tus qauv (piv txwv li, ** F2100 ** daim npog ntsej muag lub ntsej muag kho mob).
** 4. Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Astm qib 3 thiab qib 1? **
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag ntswg kho mob (ASTM F2100):
- ** Qib 1 **: Cov kua dej tsis kam (80 mmHg siab), haum rau cov chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg.
- ** Qib 3 **: Cov kua dej tsis kam ua kua dej (160 mmHg siab), tsim rau kev pheej hmoo ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo siab.
Qeb 3 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo rau kev ua kom pom (ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau qib 1 (loj dua lossis sib npaug nrog 95%).
** 5. Kuv tuaj yeem nyeem Astm cov qauv nyob qhov twg? **
Nkag Siab Astm Cov Qauv Ntawm:
- ** SHTM GAMPAWD PLATORM **: Cov ntaub ntawv raug cai (https:\/\/www.astm.org), yuav tsum muaj npe.
- ** UNIVERSITY \/ Library nkag **: Ntau lub koom haum muab kev nkag mus dawb hauv lawv cov tsev qiv ntawv pub dawb.
- ** Yuav Cov Qauv Cov Qauv **: Yuav PDFs lossis cov ntawv luam nyuaj ncaj qha los ntawm Astm.
- ** Cov txheej txheem thib peb thib peb **: Qee yam qauv yuav muaj rau ntawm Platforms xws li Techstreet lossis ansi lub vev xaib.
