Khoom txhais:
ASTM A335 P22 yog ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau seamless ferritic alloy - steel yeeb nkab tsim los rau siab - kev pabcuam kub. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm chrome-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) alloy steel kav. Lub npe "P22" qhia txog nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yog lub hauv paus rau nws cov khoom.
Lub ntsiab Chemical Composition:
Chromium (Cr): ~2.25%
Molybdenum (Molybdenum): ~1.0%
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb thiab kev siv tseem ceeb
ASTM A335 P22 yeeb nkab yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev xav tau ib puag ncig uas muaj kev kub siab thiab kub siab (HPHT). Nws cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb muaj nyob hauv:
Fais Fab Kev Lag Luam:
Fossil Fuel Power Plants:Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm boilers, superheaters, thiab tshav kub exchangers. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov kav dej, lub taub hau, thiab cov kav dej rov qab uas nqa cov cua kub superheated.
Combined Cycle Power Plants:Siv nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub rov qab chav generators (HRSGs).
Petrochemical Kev Lag Luam:
Refineries:Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv refinery furnaces, rhaub tubing, thiab hloov cov kab uas cov txheej txheem muaj siab kub.
Kev ua tshuaj lom neeg:Siv rau hauv cov nroj tsuag rau nqa cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Kev lag luam roj thiab roj:
Cov Khoom Siv Nto:Siv nyob rau hauv siab -pressure nto piping thiab manifolds nyob rau hauv xav tau kev siv lub taub hau.
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom
Qhov nrov ntawm P22 stems los ntawm nws qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab hlau, uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb:
Zoo heev High -Temperature Strength:
P22 nthuav tawm superiorcreep zogthiabstress rupture zogpiv rau carbon steels. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kev ntxhov siab tas mus li ntawm qhov kub siab (feem ntau mus txog ~ 1050℃F / 565 degree) yam tsis muaj deformation lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntev.
Txhim kho Oxidation thiab Corrosion Resistance:
Lub ~ 2.25% Chromium cov ntsiab lus muab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua rau oxidation (scaling) thiab sulfur corrosion dua carbon steel thiab qis dua - qib alloys. Qhov no txuas ntxiv kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov pa roj pa phem thiab qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
Zoo Microstructural Stability:
Cov alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsim los tiv thaiv graphitization thiab ntau dhau spheroidization ntawm carbides thaum lub sij hawm ntev - raug rau qhov kub thiab txias, pab tswj nws kev ncaj ncees.
Favorable Weldability thiab Fabricability:
Thaum nws yuav tsum tau ua ntej- cua sov thiab tom qab-weld heat treatment (PWHT), P22 feem ntau suav hais tias muaj qhov zoo weldability rau cov hlau alloy. Qhov no ua rau fabrication ntawm complex Cheebtsam xws li headers thiab manifolds ua tau thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Pov Thawj thiab Tus Nqi -Kev Ua Tau Zoo:
P22 yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm rau ntau xyoo lawm. Nws muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi, zaum ntawm qis dua -qib alloys zoo li P11 thiab kim dua siab -chromium alloys xws li P91.
Kev Txhim Kho Yav Tom Ntej thiab Kev Tsim Nyog
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm ASTM A335 P22 yog qhov zoo li lub ntiaj teb kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog, tab sis nws tseem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb nrog lub luag haujlwm tau hais tseg thiab hloov zuj zus.
Sustained Demand nyob rau hauv Kho thiab Retrofitting:
Ntau cov thee uas twb muaj lawm - raug rho tawm haujlwm thiab cov chaw lag luam qub thoob ntiaj teb yuav txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo. Kev saib xyuas, kho, thiab kho dua tshiab (MRO) ntawm cov chaw no yuav tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov, ntev -lub sij hawm xav tau rau P22 kav dej rau kev hloov qhov chaw thiab lub neej- cov haujlwm txuas ntxiv.
Niche Lub luag haujlwm hauv New "Cleaner" Fossil Fuel Plants:
Thaum kev tsim kho cov nroj tsuag tshiab tau poob qis, cov nroj tsuag siab heev nrog kev ua haujlwm siab dua thiab kev siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab khaws cia (CCUS) thev naus laus zis tseem tuaj yeem siv P22 rau qhov tshwj xeeb, tsis tshua muaj kev pabcuam hnyav uas nws tus nqi - kev ua tau zoo piv tau zoo.
Kev sib tw los ntawm Advanced Alloys:
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siab dua hauv ultra-supercritical (USC) fais fab nroj tsuag los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo xav tau cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub zog zoo dua, xws liASTM A335 P91, P92, thiab P911. Rau feem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, P22 tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov qib no. Nws yav tom ntej hauvtshiabsiab- kev tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tau txwv.
Kev loj hlob hauv Tsis yog -Power Sectors:
Qhov xav tau hauv lubpetrochemical thiab roj & roj sectorscia siab tias yuav nyob twj ywm ntau dua. Raws li cov kev lag luam no ua cov khoom hnyav dua thiab ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, qhov xav tau kev ntseeg siab siab - cov ntaub ntawv kub zoo li P22 yuav pheej muaj.
Xaus:
ASTM A335 P22 yog cov paub tab, txhim khu kev qha, thiab tus nqi -cov yeeb nkab steel zoo rau siab - qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum nws txoj kev loj hlob hauv lub xeev tshiab- ntawm-- lub zog tsim hluav taws xob yog txwv los ntawm cov khoom siv siab heev, nws yogdeb ntawm kev siv tsis tau. Nws lub neej yav tom ntej yog kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv qhov loj heev uas twb muaj lawm infrastructure ntawm lub zog thiab cov nroj tsuag kev lag luam thiab nws txuas ntxiv siv tau rau hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam, kom ntseeg tau tias nws tseem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb kev lag luam toj roob hauv pes rau yav tom ntej.
