### 1. Dab tsi yog API qauv rau cov kav dej?
Lub koom haum American Petroleum (API) luam tawm ntau cov qauv rau cov kav dej, cov kav dej, thiab cov kav dej siv feem ntau hauv kev lag luam roj thiab roj. Qee qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws API piping qauv suav nrog:
* ** API 5L: ** Specification rau Kab Yeeb. Qhov no yog thawj tus qauv rau cov yeeb nkab steel siv hauv cov kav dej xa mus rau cov roj, roj, thiab dej.
* ** API 5CT: ** Specification rau Casing thiab Tubing. Qhov no suav nrog cov kav hlau steel (casing thiab tubing) siv hauv cov roj thiab roj qhov dej.
* ** API 6D: ** Specification rau Pipeline Valves. Qhov no muab cov kev xav tau rau kev tsim, tsim khoom, kev sim, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pob li qub, lub rooj vag li qub, ntsaws li qub, thiab cov tshev valve siv hauv cov kav dej.
* ** API 570:** Piping Inspection Code. Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas, kho, hloov kho, thiab rov ntsuas dua hauv -kev pabcuam hlau kav dej.
* ** API 574:** Tus Qauv rau Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Txheej Txheem rau Cov Txheej Txheem Yeeb Nkab. Qhov no piav qhia txog kev kuaj xyuas cov kav dej xws li li qub, fittings, thiab flanges.
* ** API 1104:** Txuj rau Vuam Cov kav dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Qhov no muab cov kev xav tau rau kev sib txuas ntawm pob tw, fillet, thiab lub qhov (socket welds) hauv kev tsim cov kav dej.
### 2. API sawv cev rau dab tsi hauv cov yeeb nkab?
Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov yeeb nkab, ** API sawv cev rau American Petroleum Institute **. Nws yog ib lub koom haum ua lag luam uas tsim thiab tshaj tawm cov qauv kev lag luam rau cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, thiab kev ua haujlwm uas siv hauv kev lag luam roj av thiab ntuj. Thaum cov yeeb nkab tau sau npe "API," nws txhais tau hais tias nws tau tsim ua raws li cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv zoo uas tau teev tseg los ntawm lub koom haum no.
### 3. API 5L Qib B yeeb nkab specification yog dab tsi?
API 5L Qib B yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel uas tau teev tseg rau kev thauj roj, dej, thiab roj. Nws cov specifications tseem ceeb yog:
* ** Qib:** PSL 1 (Product Specification Level 1) yog qib txheem. Kuj tseem muaj PSL 2 nrog cov kev cai nruj dua.
* ** Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg:** Rau PSL 1, nws muaj kev txwv siab tshaj plaws rau carbon, manganese, phosphorus, thiab sulfur.
* ** Mechanical Properties:** Nws muaj ib qho kev qhia tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog (SMYS) ntawm 35,000 psi (241 MPa) thiab lub zog tensile yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 60,000 psi (414 MPa).
* ** Daim Ntawv Thov:** Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv qis - siab thiab nruab nrab - cov kav dej siab rau kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev faib khoom, nrog rau kev siv cov qauv thiab cov hom phiaj dav dav.
### 4. Dab tsi yog 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G vuam?
Cov kev xaiv no xa mus rau cov qauv vuam txoj haujlwm siv rau kev cob qhia, kev tsim nyog, thiab cov txheej txheem specification. Lub "G" sawv cev rau "Groove" weld.
* ** 1G (Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag):** Cov yeeb nkab tau muab tso rau hauv kab rov tav thiab tuaj yeem tig tau. Lub vuam yog ua nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov yeeb nkab.
* ** 2G ( Kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm): ** Cov yeeb nkab yog muab tso rau vertically (axis yog ntsug), thiab cov vuam yog ua kab rov tav ntawm sab ntawm cov yeeb nkab.
* **3G (Vertical Position):** Cov yeeb nkab axis yog kab rov tav thiab tsau (tsis tuaj yeem tig tau). Lub vuam yog ua vertically tiv thaiv cov yeeb nkab ruaj.
* ** 4G (Overhead Position):** Cov yeeb nkab tau muab tso rau hauv kab rov tav thiab tsau. Lub vuam yog ua los ntawm hauv qab cov yeeb nkab.
* ** 5G (kab rov tav Fixed Txoj hauj lwm):** Cov yeeb nkab yog muab tso rau kab rov tav thiab tsau (tsis tuaj yeem tig tau). Tus welder yuav tsum welding nyob rau hauv txhua txoj hauj lwm ( tiaj tus, ntsug, nyiaj siv ua haujlwm) thaum lawv txav mus los ntawm cov yeeb nkab qhov ncig.
* ** 6G (Inclined Fixed Position):** Cov yeeb nkab yog tsau ntawm 45-degree kaum sab xis. Qhov no yog txoj haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws vim nws suav nrog tag nrho lwm txoj haujlwm thiab yuav tsum tau muaj qib siab tshaj plaws los ntawm tus welder. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau welder ntawv pov thawj.
### 5. 4 hom vuam yog dab tsi?
Thaum muaj ntau cov txheej txheem vuam, plaub yam uas feem ntau thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus yog:
* **Shielded Hlau Arc Vuam (SMAW):** Kuj hu ua "stick welding." Nws siv lub consumable electrode coated nyob rau hauv flux. Nws yog ntau yam, portable, thiab ua haujlwm zoo sab nraum zoov tab sis tuaj yeem ua qeeb qeeb thiab tsim ntau slag.
* ** Gas Hlau Arc Vuam (GMAW): ** Feem ntau hu ua "MIG welding" (Metal Inert Gas). Nws siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua thiab cov roj tiv thaiv. Nws yog lub npe hu rau nws txoj kev kub ceev, kev siv yooj yim, thiab huv welds, ua rau nws nrov hauv khw fabrication.
* ** Gas Tungsten Arc Vuam (GTAW): ** Feem ntau hu ua "TIG welding" (Tungsten Inert Gas). Nws siv cov khoom siv tsis yog -tungsten electrode thiab cov khoom siv sib cais. Nws muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov tseeb, tso cai rau kev tswj xyuas zoo tshaj qhov vuam, thiab siv rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom xws li stainless hlau thiab txhuas.
* **Flux-Cored Arc Vuam (FCAW):** Zoo ib yam li MIG vuam tab sis siv cov tubular xaim uas muaj flux. Nws tuaj yeem siv nrog lossis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv sab nraud. Nws yog lub npe hu rau siab deposition tus nqi thiab zoo nkag mus, ua rau nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hnyav kev tsim kho thiab shipbuilding.
