API 5L X65 ERW Tube
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
API 5L X65 ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) yeeb nkabyog lub siab -lub zog carbon steel kab yeeb nkab siv rau hauv kev thov cov roj thiab roj xa mus rau daim ntawv thov. Qhov kev xaiv "X65" qhia qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm65,000 psi (448 MPa), ua rau nws haum rau siab - cov kav xa dej siab, kev teeb tsa ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab ib puag ncig hnyav uas cov qib qis yuav xav tau cov phab ntsa tuab heev.
Lub npe piav qhia
| Ib feem | Lub ntsiab lus |
|---|---|
| API | Lub koom haum American Petroleum |
| 5L | Specification rau kab yeeb nkab siv nyob rau hauv pipeline tsheb thauj mus los systems |
| X65 | Qib kev xaiv - "X" qhia qib pipeline, "65" sawv cev rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog hauv ksi (65,000 psi / 448 MPa) |
| ERW | Electric Resistance Welded - yeeb nkab tsim los ntawm steel kauj thiab welded longitudinally yam tsis muaj muab tub lim hlau |
Ntsiab nta
| Feature | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Yield zog (min) | 448 MPa (65,000 psi) |
| Tensile zog (min) | 531-535 MPa (77,000-77,600 psi) |
| Kev tsim khoom | Hluav taws xob Resistance Welded (ERW) / High-Vuam zaus (HFW) - txheej txheem txuas ntxiv los ntawm steel kauj |
| Qhov Loj Loj (ERW) | 5 "mus rau 26" (127 mm txog 660 mm) OD; ERW feem ntau txog 24 "(610 mm) |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | 3.2 hli mus rau 22.2 hli; X65 max phab ntsa thickness 15.9 hli rau Baosteel |
| Ntev | 3m txog 18m (Customizable) |
| Product Specification Levels | PSL1(standard) thiabPSL2(ua kom zoo dua) |
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
PSL1 (max %)
| Element | Specification | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.26% max | Tsawg dua qib seamless rau zoo weldability |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.45% max | Txhim kho rau cov kev xav tau muaj zog |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.40% max | Deoxidizer |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.030% max | Tswj rau weldability |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.030% max | Tswj kom toughness |
PSL2 (max %)
| Element | Specification | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.22% max | Weldability zoo dua li PSL1 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.45% max | |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.025% max | nruj dua PSL1 |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.015% max | 50% txo los ntawm PSL1; tseem ceeb rau toughness thiab HIC kuj |
* Ceeb toom: Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm micro-alloying ntsiab (Nb + V + Ti) tsis tshaj 0.15%. Baosteel tsim X65 nrog qis C / P / S cov ntsiab lus rau siab toughness thiab zoo weldability .*
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | PSL1 Requirement | PSL2 Kev Xav Tau |
|---|---|---|
| Yield zog (min) | 448 MPa (65,000 psi) | 448 MPa (65,000 psi) |
| Yield zog (max) | Tsis tau teev tseg | 600 MPa (87,000 psi) |
| Tensile zog (min) | 531-535 MPa (77,000-77,600 psi) | 531-535 MPa (77,000-77,600 psi) |
| Tensile zog (max) | Tsis tau teev tseg | 760 MPa (110,000 psi) |
| Yield-rau-Tensile Ratio | Tsis tau teev tseg | 0.93 max |
| Elongation | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 20% (nws txawv ntawm phab ntsa thickness) | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 20% |
Qib sib piv
| Qib | Yield zog (min) | Tensile zog (min) | Tus txheeb ze zog vs. X65 | Daim ntawv thov |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| X52 | 359 MPa (52 ksi) | 455 MPa (66 ksi) | -20% | General kis tau tus mob |
| X56 | 386 MPa (56 ksi) | 490 MPa (71 ksi) | -14% | Siab dua -siab kis |
| X60 | 414 MPa (60 ksi) | 517 MPa (75 ksi) | -7% | High -siab kis |
| X65 | 448 MPa (65 ksi) | 531-535 MPa (77 ksi) | Lub hauv paus | Siab -siab, offshore, thov thov |
| X70 | 483 MPa (70 ksi) | 565 MPa (82 ksi) | +8% | Ntev -qhov deb siab -siab |
X65 muaj kwv yees li 8% siab dua qhov muaj zog tshaj X60 thiab 20% siab dua X52 .
Dimensional Tolerances
| Parameter | Qhov Loj | Ua siab ntev | Qhov chaw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (219.1-273.1mm) | - | +1.6mm, -0.4 hli | |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (274-320mm) | - | +2.4mm, -0.8 hli | |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (323.9-457mm) | - | +2.4mm, -0.8 hli | |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (508-610mm) | - | +2.4mm, -0.8 hli | |
| Phab ntsa Thickness (508-610mm) | - | +19.5%, -8% | |
| Kev ncaj | Ntev ntev | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.15% L |
Loj Muaj:ERW txheej txheem feem ntau tsim X65 kav mus txog24-26 nti (610 hli)OD. Baosteel muaj X65 ERW nrog lub siab tshaj plaws phab ntsa thickness 15.9 hli.
Kev xeem yuav tsum tau
| Hom kev xeem | Lub hom phiaj | Kev siv tau |
|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas | Txheeb xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm API 5L txwv | Rau qhov kub |
| Tensile Test | Paub meej tias yield thiab tensile zog | Rau ntau |
| Flattening Test | Tshawb xyuas ductility | Yuav tsum tau |
| Khoov Test | Txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntseeg ntawm weld | Yuav tsum tau |
| Hydrostatic Test | Kev ntsuas siab ncaj ncees | Txhua lub raj |
| NDT (Ultrasonic / Eddy Tam sim no) | Weld seam soj ntsuam | Txuj kev xyaum |
| Impact Test (Charpy V-notch) | Tsawg-kub toughness | PSL2 xwb |
| Kev kuaj Hardness | Sour kev pabcuam pov thawj | PSL2 (kev pabcuam qaub) |
Cov ntawv thov siv
| Daim ntawv thov | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Siab -Hloov Gas Transmission | Ntev -ntaus cov raj xa hluav taws xob uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab |
| Crude Roj Trunk Kab | Cov kab txuas tseem ceeb rau kev thauj cov roj av |
| Offshore Pipelines | Subsea pipelines xav tau lub zog siab - rau - qhov hnyav piv |
| Arctic / Cold Climate Pipelines | Kev ntsuas kub kom qis li -60℃F (-51 degree) |
| Sour Service | H₂S ib puag ncig nrog HIC / SSC tsis kam (X65MS qib) |
| Slurry Pipelines | Ore thiab ntxhia thauj |
| Kev siv tus qauv | Rooj tog, qhov rais ncej, tsev, choj, mechanical |
PSL1 vs. PSL2: Qhov txawv tseem ceeb rau X65
| Feature | PSL1 | PSL2 | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) max | 0.26% | 0.22% | Zoo dua weldability, qis dua HAZ hardness |
| Sulfur (S) max | 0.030% | 0.015% | 50% txo- tseem ceeb rau toughness thiab HIC kuj |
| Yield zog | Min nkaus xwb | Min thiab Max (448-600 MPa) | Tiv thaiv tshaj - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog |
| Tensile zog | Min nkaus xwb | Min thiab Max (531-760 MPa) | Xyuas kom zoo ib yam mechanical zog |
| Yield ratio (Y/T) | Tsis tau teev tseg | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.93 | Xyuas kom txaus ductility |
| Kev ntsuam xyuas cuam tshuam | Tsis xav tau | Yuav tsum tau | Guarantee qis -kub toughness |
| NDT Requirements | Txuj | nruj dua | Kev kuaj pom zoo dua |
| Hom kev siv | Kev pabcuam dav dav | Kev pabcuam tseem ceeb, kev pabcuam qaub, qis kub |
Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws
| Qhov zoo | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Siab zog | 8% siab dua X60, 20% siab dua X52 - tso cai rau txo phab ntsa thickness los yog siab dua kev khiav hauj lwm pressures |
| Zoo heev Toughness | Haum rau qis- qhov kub thiab txias kev pab mus rau -60℃F (-51 degree) |
| Weldability zoo | Tswj chemistry nrog qis carbon sib npaug ua kom zoo teb weldability |
| Sour Service Muaj peev xwm | X65MS qib muaj nrog HIC / SSC tsis kam rau H₂S ib puag ncig |
| Dav Muaj | Ua los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj xws li Baosteel thiab US Steel |
| Pov thawj Performance | Siv nyob rau hauv tej yaam num loj xws li subsea pipelines nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, Canada, Brazil, thiab Australia |
Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb
1. Kev txwv qhov loj
ERW manufacturing rau X65 feem ntau txwv rau24-26 nti (610 mm) OD
Cov kab uas loj dua yuav tsum tau LSAW lossis SSAW manufacturing
Qhov siab tshaj plaws phab ntsa thickness rau X65 ERW yog feem ntau15.9mm 3rau Baosteel
2. PSL1 vs. PSL2 Xaiv
PSL1: Haum rau kev pabcuam dav dav, cov kab dej, tsis yog - cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
PSL2: Yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov kev pabcuam kub tsawg, kev pabcuam qaub (H₂S ib puag ncig), cov kav dej tswj (FERC, DOT), thiab cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
3. Qib sib npaug
TS EN ISO 3183: L450
GB/T 9711: L450
DNV OS{0}}F101Qib: Qib 450 (zoo sib xws)
4. Cov Ntawv Kho Mob Kub Kub (PSL2)
N: Normalized (X65N)
MTom ntej: Thermomechanical Rolled (X65M)
Q: quenched thiab tempered (X65Q) - US Steel siv quenching thiab tempering rau superior microstructure
S: Sour Service (X65MS)
5. Txheej txheej xaiv
Dub (dawb): Standard zeb tiav
FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy): Kev tiv thaiv corrosion
3LPE (3-txheej polyethylene): Cov kav dej faus - Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2.5 hli qhov tuab yam tsawg kawg nkaus
Coal Tar Epoxy: Heavy-lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv
Varnish Txheej / Anti- xeb roj: Kev tiv thaiv ib ntus
6. Tiag -Lub Ntiaj Teb Daim Ntawv Thov
Subsea Pipelines: CNOOC JZ25-1S Submarine Pipeline
Kev Pabcuam Arctic: Kuaj rau -60℃F rau sab qaum teb Canada thiab Alaska daim ntawv thov
Sour Service: Parim Pipeline, Canada
Slurry Thauj: SAMARCO Slurry Pipeline, Brazil
Gas kis tau tus mob: APA Gas Pipeline, Australia; QCLNG Pipeline
7. Mill Test Certificate
Feem ntau muab raws liEN 10204 Hom 3.1Bnrog tag nrho cov kev xeem
Thib peb-kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm SGS, BV, Lloyds muaj
8. Tsawg-Tub muaj peev xwm
US Steel tsim X65 kab yeeb nkab tau sim ua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias li tsawg-60 ° F (-51 ° C)
Baosteel tsim X65 / L450 uas tiv taus qis - qhov kub thiab txias ntawm-30 degreerau structural applications
Cov ntsiab lus
API 5L X65 ERW yeeb nkabyog lub siab - lub zog kab yeeb nkab tsim los rau kev thov cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog zoo dua thiab tawv. Nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm65,000 psi (448 MPa)- kwv yees li8% siab dua X60thiab20% siab dua X52- nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau siab - kev xa cov pa roj, cov kav dej tawm sab nraud, thiab cov kev pabcuam arctic uas cov qib qis dua yuav xav tau cov phab ntsa tuab heev.
Muaj nyob rau hauv diameters los ntawm5 "mus rau 26" (127-660 mm)nrog phab ntsa thicknesses los ntawm3.2mm txog 22.2mm(max 15.9 mm rau X65), X65 ERW kav yog tsim los siv siab - cov txheej txheem vuam zaus uas ua kom zoo ib yam thiab qhov tseeb.
Cov specification muaj ob theem zoo:
PSL1: Cov qauv zoo rau kev pabcuam dav dav nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab
PSL2: Txhim khu kev ua tau zoo nrog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev tswj cov tshuaj lom neeg nruj dua (S Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.015%), thiab kev txwv lub zog siab tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau qis dua - kub toughness lossis qaub kev pab cuam kuj
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
Kev ua tau zoo qis - qhov kub thiab txias mus txog -60℃F (-51 degree)
Sour kev pabcuam muaj peev xwm nrog HIC / SSC tsis kam (X65MS qib)
Ua pov thawj kev ua tau zoo hauv cov dej hiav txwv loj, arctic, thiab cov haujlwm ua haujlwm qaub thoob ntiaj teb
Cov ntawv thov uas muaj xws li:
Siab -cov kav xa hluav taws xob siab
Offshore thiab subsea pipelines
Arctic thiab huab cua txias installation
Kev pabcuam qaub thiab H₂S ib puag ncig
Slurry thiab ntxhia thauj pipelines
Thaum ordering, qhia:API 5L, Qib X65, [PSL1 lossis PSL2], ERW, Loj (OD x WT), Ntev, Xaus Xaus .
