API 5L X52 ERW Tube
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
API 5L X52 ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) yeeb nkabyog ib qho nruab nrab -lub zog carbon steel kab yeeb nkab dav siv hauv cov roj thiab cov roj xa hluav taws xob. Qhov kev xaiv "X52" qhia qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm52,000 psi (359 MPa), ua rau nws yog ib qho ntawm cov qib feem ntau rau onshore sib sau ua ke thiab kis tau tus mob pipelines ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pressures.
Lub npe piav qhia
| Ib feem | Lub ntsiab lus |
|---|---|
| API | Lub koom haum American Petroleum |
| 5L | Specification rau kab yeeb nkab siv nyob rau hauv pipeline tsheb thauj mus los systems |
| X52 | Qib kev xaiv - "X" qhia qib pipeline, "52" sawv cev rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog hauv ksi (52,000 psi / 359 MPa) |
| ERW | Hluav taws xob Resistance Welded - yeeb nkab tsim los ntawm steel kauj thiab welded longitudinally yam tsis muaj muab tub lim hlau |
Ntsiab nta
| Feature | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Yield zog (min) | 359 MPa (52,000 psi)[Citation: 2, Citation: 9] |
| Tensile zog (min) | 455-460 MPa (66,000-66,700 psi)[Citation: 2, Citation: 9] |
| Kev tsim khoom | Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) - siab - zaus vuam txheej txheem |
| Qhov Loj Loj (ERW) | 21.3 hli mus rau 609.6 hli (1/2 "mus rau 24") OD [citation: 4, citation: 5, citation: 6] |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | 1.8 hli mus rau 19.1 hli (Schedule 10 txog 160, STD, XS) [citation: 4, citation: 5] |
| Ntev | 3 m txog 18 m (customizable) [citation: 5, citation: 8] |
| Product Specification Levels | PSL1(standard) thiabPSL2(txhim kho) [citation: 2, citation: 7, citation: 9] |
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
PSL1 (max %) [citation:2, citation:5, citation:9]
| Element | Specification | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.28% max | Siab dua qib qis kom muaj zog ntxiv |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.40% max | Muab lub zog thiab hardenability |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.40% max | Deoxidizer |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.030% max | Tswj rau weldability |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.030% max | Tswj kom toughness |
PSL2 (max %) [citation:2, citation:9]
| Element | Specification | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.24% max | Weldability zoo dua li PSL1 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.40% max | |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.40% max | |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.025% max | nruj dua PSL1 |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.015% max | 50% txo los ntawm PSL1; tseem ceeb rau toughness thiab HIC kuj |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.10% max | Micro-Alloying rau cov nplej refinement |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.05% max | Micro{0}} alloying rau lub zog |
| Titanium (Ti) | 0.04% max | Micro-Alloying rau cov nplej refinement |
* Ceeb toom: Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm micro-alloying ntsiab (Nb + V + Ti) tsis tshaj 0.15%.*
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | PSL1 Requirement | PSL2 Kev Xav Tau |
|---|---|---|
| Yield zog (min) | 359 MPa (52,000 psi) [citation: 2, citation: 9] | 359 MPa (52,000 psi) |
| Yield zog (max) | Tsis tau teev tseg | 531 MPa (77,000 psi)[Citation: 2, Citation: 9] |
| Tensile zog (min) | 455-460 MPa (66,000 psi) [citation: 2, citation: 9] | 455-460 MPa (66,000 psi) [citation: 2, citation: 9] |
| Tensile zog (max) | Tsis tau teev tseg | 600-760 MPa (87,000-110,000 psi)[Citation: 2, Citation: 9] |
| Yield-rau-Tensile Ratio | Tsis tau teev tseg | 0.93 max[Citation: 2, Citation: 9] |
| Elongation | Ib API 5L lub rooj (nws txawv ntawm phab ntsa thickness) | Rau API 5L rooj |
| Hardness | Tsis tau teev tseg | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 250 HV10 (qaub: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 248 HV10) |
Qib sib piv
| Qib | Yield zog (min) | Tensile zog (min) | Tus txheeb ze zog vs. X52 | Daim ntawv thov |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | 245 MPa (35 ksi) | 415 MPa (60 ksi) | -32% | Tsawg-kev sib sau ua ke, kev siv hluav taws xob |
| X42 | 290 MPa (42 ksi) | 415 MPa (60 ksi) | -19% | Sib sau ua ke, faib |
| X46 | 317 MPa (46 ksi) | 435 MPa (63 ksi) | -12% | Nruab nrab-kev sib sau ua ke |
| X52 | 359 MPa (52 ksi) | 455-460 MPa (66 ksi) | Lub hauv paus | Kev sib kis, sib sau ua ke, txheej txheem |
| X56 | 386 MPa (56 ksi) | 490 MPa (71 ksi) | +8% | Hloov cov kav dej |
| X60 | 414 MPa (60 ksi) | 517 MPa (75 ksi) | +15% | High -siab kis |
| X65 | 448 MPa (65 ksi) | 531 MPa (77 ksi) | +25% | Siab -siab, offshore |
* X52 feem ntau tau piav qhia tias yog "qib hloov pauv" ntawm qis- lub zog sib sau ua ke thiab siab - cov kav xa hluav taws xob siab, muab qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm lub zog, weldability, thiab tus nqi .*
Dimensional Tolerances
| Parameter | Qhov Loj | Ua siab ntev | Qhov chaw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sab nraud Diameter (OD Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 168.3mm) | - | ±0.75% | |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (OD 219.1-273.1mm) | - | +1.6mm, -0.4 hli | |
| Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (OD 323.9-610mm) | - | +2.4mm, -0.8 hli | |
| Phab ntsa Thickness | - | Raws li API 5L cov lus teem sijhawm | |
| Ntev | - | +100mm / -0mm (ntev ntev) |
Loj Muaj:ERW txheej txheem feem ntau tsim X52 kav mus txog24-26 nti (610 hli)OD [Citation: 4, citation: 5, citation: 6]. Loj diameters yuav tsum tau LSAW los yog SSAW manufacturing.
Kev xeem yuav tsum tau
| Hom kev xeem | Lub hom phiaj | Kev siv tau |
|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas | Txheeb xyuas qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm API 5L txwv | Rau qhov kub |
| Tensile Test | Paub meej tias yield thiab tensile zog | Rau ntau |
| Flattening Test | Tshawb xyuas ductility | Yuav tsum tau |
| Khoov Test | Txheeb xyuas qhov kev ntseeg ntawm weld | Yuav tsum tau |
| Hydrostatic Test | Kev ntsuas siab ncaj ncees | Txhua lub raj |
| NDT (Ultrasonic / Eddy Tam sim no) | Weld seam soj ntsuam | Txuj kev xyaum |
| Impact Test (Charpy V-notch) | Tsawg-kub toughness | PSL2 xwb[Citation: 1, Citation: 9] |
| Kev kuaj Hardness | Sour kev pabcuam pov thawj | PSL2 (kev pabcuam qaub) |
Nco tseg:Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias Charpy cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb ntawm seamless yeeb nkab feem ntau siab dua ERW yeeb nkab vim metallurgical yam xws li grain loj, tsis yog -hlau inclusions, delaminations, thiab microstructures .
Cov ntawv thov siv
| Daim ntawv thov | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Roj thiab roj kis tau tus mob | Nruab nrab- cov kav dej siab rau cov roj crude thiab cov nkev ntuj [citation:5, citation:9] |
| Natural Gas Sib Sau Kab | Txuas qhov dej mus rau cov chaw ua haujlwm |
| Kev xa dej Mains | Loj - txoj kab uas hla hauv nroog thiab cov kav dej muaj |
| Muaj Txheej Txheem Piping | Refineries, tshuaj nroj tsuag, tsim hluav taws xob |
| Sib sau thiab Flow Lines | Upstream roj thiab roj ua haujlwm |
| Kev siv tus qauv | Rooj tog, qhov rais thav duab, qhov rooj ncej, lub tsev, choj, mechanical |
PSL1 vs. PSL2: Qhov txawv tseem ceeb rau X52
| Feature | PSL1 | PSL2 | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) max | 0.28% | 0.24% | Zoo dua weldability, qis dua HAZ hardness |
| Sulfur (S) max | 0.030% | 0.015% | 50% txo- tseem ceeb rau toughness thiab HIC kuj |
| Phosphorus (P) max | 0.030% | 0.025% | Txhim kho toughness thiab weldability |
| Yield zog | Min nkaus xwb | Min thiab Max (359-531 MPa) | Tiv thaiv tshaj - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog |
| Tensile zog | Min nkaus xwb | Min thiab Max (455-760 MPa) | Xyuas kom zoo ib yam mechanical zog |
| Yield ratio (Y/T) | Tsis tau teev tseg | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.93 | Xyuas kom txaus ductility |
| Kev ntsuam xyuas cuam tshuam | Tsis xav tau | Yuav tsum tau | Guarantees qis-kub toughness [citation:1, citation:9] |
| Hardness Tswj | Tsis tau teev tseg | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 250 HV10 (qaub: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 248 HV10) | Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv qaub qaub |
| NDT Requirements | Txuj | nruj dua | Kev kuaj pom zoo dua |
| Hom kev siv | Kev pabcuam dav dav | Kev pabcuam tseem ceeb, kev pabcuam qaub, qis kub |
Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws
| Qhov zoo | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws | Muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws sib npaug ntawm lub zog, weldability, thiab tus nqi ntawm API 5L qib |
| Siab zog dua qib B | 47% siab tshaj tawm lub zog tshaj Qib B (359 MPa vs . 245 MPa) |
| Tus nqi -Cov | Kev lag luam ntau dua li qib siab dua li X60 lossis X65 rau cov ntawv thov siab nruab nrab |
| Weldability zoo heev | Tswj chemistry ua kom zoo teb weldability |
| Dav Muaj | Cov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg [citation: 5, citation: 6] |
| Daim ntawv pov thawj dual | Feem ntau dual - ntawv pov thawj nrog ASTM A53 Qib B rau kev siv cov kav dej dav dav |
| PSL2 Kev xaiv | Muaj rau cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau lav qis -kub toughness thiab qaub kev pab cuam kuj |
Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb
1. Kev txwv qhov loj
ERW manufacturing rau X52 feem ntau txwv rau24-26 nti (610 mm) OD[qhia: 4, citation: 5, citation: 6]
Cov kab uas loj dua yuav tsum tau LSAW lossis SSAW manufacturing
2. PSL1 vs. PSL2 Xaiv
PSL1: Haum rau kev pabcuam dav dav, cov kab dej, tsis yog - cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb
PSL2: Yuav tsum muaj rau cov kev pabcuam kub tsawg, kev pabcuam qaub (H₂S ib puag ncig), cov kav dej tswj (FERC, DOT), thiab cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb [citation:7, citation:9]
3. Cov Ntawv Kho Mob Kub Kub (PSL2)
N: Normalized (X52N)
MTom ntej: Thermomechanical Rolled (X52M)
Q: Quenched thiab tempered (X52Q)
4. Qib sib npaug
TS EN ISO 3183: L360
GB/T 9711: L360
TS EN 10208-2L360NB/MB
5. Txheej txheej xaiv
Dub (dawb): Standard zeb tiav
FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy): Kev tiv thaiv corrosion
3LPE (3-txheej polyethylene): faus cov kav dej
Coal Tar Epoxy: Heavy-lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv
Varnish Txheej / Anti- xeb roj: Kev tiv thaiv ib ntus
6. Mill Test Certificate
Feem ntau muab raws liEN 10204 Hom 3.1Bnrog tag nrho cov kev xeem
Thib peb-kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm SGS, BV, Lloyds muaj
7. Tiag -Kev Ua Haujlwm Hauv Ntiaj Teb
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb sib piv xyoo 2024 pom tias Charpy cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb ntawm seamless yeeb nkab feem ntau siab dua cov ERW yeeb nkab vim metallurgical yam xws li grain loj, tsis yog -metallic inclusions, delaminations, thiab microstructures.
Cov ntsiab lus
API 5L X52 ERW yeeb nkabyog qhov nruab nrab tshaj plaws - lub zog kab yeeb nkab, sawv cev rau "qhov chaw qab zib" ntawm qis- siab sib sau ua ke thiab siab - cov kav xa hluav taws xob . Nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog ntawm52,000 psi (359 MPa)- kwv yees li47% siab dua Qib B- nws muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm lub zog, weldability, thiab tus nqi rau ntau yam kev siv kav dej.
Muaj nyob rau hauv diameters los ntawm21.3mm txog 610mm (1/2 "mus rau 24")nrog phab ntsa thicknesses los ntawm1.8mm txog 19.1mm, X52 ERW kav yog tsim los siv siab - cov txheej txheem vuam zaus uas ua kom zoo ib yam thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb [citation:4, citation:5]. Cov specification muaj ob theem zoo:
PSL1: Cov qauv zoo rau kev pabcuam dav dav
PSL2: Txhim khu kev ua tau zoo nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev tswj cov tshuaj lom neeg nruj dua, thiab kev txwv lub zog siab tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau qis - qhov kub thiab txias los yog kev pabcuam qaub.
Cov ntawv thov uas muaj xws li:
Onshore roj thiab roj sib sau cov kav dej
Nruab nrab - siab kis tau tus mob (txog 80-100 bar tsim siab)
Ua dej thiab multiphase flow kab
Pipeline chaw nres tsheb thiab davhlau ya nyob twg kav
Cov kav dej xa hluav taws xob thiab kev siv cov txheej txheem
Thaum ordering, qhia:API 5L, Qib X52, [PSL1 lossis PSL2], ERW, Loj (OD x WT), Ntev, Xaus Xaus .
