12Ni14 Tsawg-Tub kub nickel hlau
12 Nxe14yog a12-14% nickel alloy hlautsim los rau huab cua cryogenic daim ntaub ntawv, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv liquefied natural gas (LNG) cia thiab tsheb thauj mus los.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
Khoom siv:Nickel{0}} alloyed ferritic steel (tsis yog carbon steel)
Primary Standard:TS EN 10028-4 (Cov khoom lag luam tiaj tus rau lub hom phiaj siab - Nickel alloy steels)
Qhov kub thiab txias:Haum rau kev pabcuam mus rau-196℃(-321℃F)
Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb:LNG cia tanks, cov hlab ntsha cryogenic
Kev kho cua sov:Ob chav normalized thiab tempered, los yog quenched thiab tempered
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg (EN 10028-4)
| Element | Cov ntsiab lus (%) | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|
| C | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.15 | Tsawg carbon rau weldability |
| Si | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.35 | |
| Mn | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.70 | Tsawg manganese cov ntsiab lus |
| P | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.020 | Tsawg heev rau cryogenic toughness |
| S | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.010 | Tsawg heev rau weldability |
| Ni | 12.0-14.0 | Cov ntsiab lus nickel siab rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab -kub toughness |
| Cr | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.25 | |
| Mo | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10 | |
| Cu | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.25 | |
| Al | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.050 |
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | Tus nqi | Kev kuaj mob |
|---|---|---|
| Yield zog (Rp0.2), min | 500 MPa | Tom qab kev kho cua sov |
| Tensile zog (Rm) | 620-780 MPa | |
| Elongation (A), min | 20% | |
| Impact Zog (KV), min | Kub ntawm -196 degree: Qhov nruab nrab ntawm 3 qhov kev xeem: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 70 J Ib tus nqi: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 50 J |
Charpy V-ntu |
Sib piv nrog lwm cov Nickel Steels
| Qib | Cov ntsiab lus Nickel | Min Yield zog | Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv thov kub |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Nxe14 | 12-14% | 500 MPa | -196 degree |
| x10n 9 | 8.5-10% | 585 MPa ua | -196 degree |
| x8n 9 | 8-9% | 640 MPa ua | -196 degree |
| 9% Ni hlau | 9% | 585-690 MPa | -196 degree |
Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau
12Ni14 xav tau kev kho cua sov tshwj xeeb kom ua tiav nws cov khoom:
Ob chav Normalizing thiab Tempering:
Ua ntej normalize: 900-950 degree
Qhov thib ob normalize: 800-850 degree
Kub: 550-600 degree
Quenching thiab Tempering:
Quench ntawm 800-850 degree
Kub ntawm 550-600 degree
Cov cheeb tsam thov
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:
LNG Kev Lag Luam:
Lub hauv paus thiab theem nrab ntim ntawm LNG cia tank
LNG nkoj tanks thiab cargo tuav
Cov khoom siv ua LNG
Cryogenic Engineering:
Ua kua hydrogen cia (nrog rau kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb)
Ethylene cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias
Cov khoom siv tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb cryogenic
Zog Sector:
Cov Cheebtsam rau LNG-tswj fais fab nroj tsuag
Cryogenic zog cia systems
Cov yeeb nkab Specifications
Cov kav dej ua los ntawm 12Ni14 yog nyob rau hauv:
TS EN 10216-4:Seamless steel raj rau lub hom phiaj siab nrog cov khoom ntsuas kub tsis tshua muaj
TS EN 10217-4:Welded steel tubes rau lub hom phiaj siab nrog cov khoom uas tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias
Kev txiav txim siab vuam
| Yam | Kev xav tau |
|---|---|
| Filler hlau | High -nickel consumables (feem ntau 12-13% Ni) |
| Preheating | Feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau |
| Interpass kub | Tswj hauv qab 150 degree |
| Cov txheej txheem vuam | SMAW, GTAW, SAW nrog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog |
| PWHT | Yuav tsum tau kho HAZ cov khoom |
Tsim thiab Fabrication Notes
Kev xaiv khoom siv:Siv thaum tshwj xeeb toughness ntawm -196℃yuav tsum tau
Fabrication Nqis:Cov khoom siv siab thiab cov nqi tsim khoom vim yog cov ntsiab lus nickel thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb
Thickness txwv:Muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam thicknesses, tab sis fabrication ua nyuaj nrog nce thickness
Kev Xeem Xeem:NDT nthuav dav thiab kev sim tshuab yuav tsum tau ua
Qib sib npaug
| Txuj | Kev Cai Sib Tw |
|---|---|
| ASTM/ASME | Zoo ib yam li SA 645 (5% Ni) tab sis siab dua Ni cov ntsiab lus |
| ISO | Cov npe zoo sib xws hauv kev txhim kho |
| JIS | Tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ncaj qha |
| GB (Tuam Tshoj) | Raws li kev txhim kho hauv Suav cov qauv |
Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb
Theem Transformation:12Ni14 ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv tag nrho ferritic theem ntawm cryogenic kub
Fracture Toughness:Kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov pob txha tawg ntawm -196 degree
Thermal Expansion:Tsawg thermal expansion coefficient dua austenitic stainless hlau
Magnetic Properties:Ferritic qauv ua rau nws sib nqus
Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Muaj
Tsawg Ntau Lawm:Ua los ntawm tshwj xeeb steel mills
Lub Sijhawm Lead:Lub sij hawm xa khoom ntev dua piv rau cov qauv hlau
Ntawv pov thawj:Yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj dav thiab traceability
Cov neeg muab khoom thoob ntiaj teb:Tsawg tus neeg tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb
Sib piv nrog Austenitic Alternatives
| Parameter | 12Ni14 hlau | Austenitic Stainless hlau (304L) |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal conductivity | Siab dua | qis |
| Thermal Expansion | qis | Siab dua |
| Magnetic Properties | Sib nqus | Tsis yog -magnetic |
| Nqi ntawm Equal Strength | Muab piv los yog qis dua | Siab dua |
| Yield zog | Siab dua | qis |
Cov ntsiab lus
12 Nxe14yog ib tug tshwj xeebsiab -nickel (12-14%) hlau alloytsim tshwj xeeb rauLNG cia thiab siv cryogenicntawm qhov kub thiab txias mus rau -196℃. Nws muaj cov pob txha zoo heev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thaum tswj ferritic microstructure. Txawm hais tias raug xa mus rau hauv qee cov ntsiab lus rau "boiler steel yeeb nkab," nws daim ntawv thov tiag tiag yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws-feem ntau nyob rau hauv kev lag luam cryogenic thiab LNG es tsis yog cov pa boiler systems. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog kev kho cua sov, cov txheej txheem vuam tshwj xeeb, thiab kev tswj xyuas nruj kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo hauv cov kev pabcuam tseem ceeb cryogenic.
